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Commensal Gastrointestinal Microbiota as a Complex Interactive Consortia

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Direct-Fed Microbials and Prebiotics for Animals

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Abstract

The commensal microbial population of the gastrointestinal tract is crucial to host health and wellbeing, not only because the microbes degrade feedstuffs but also because they provide resistance against pathogen colonization, and these commensal microbes are involved in developmental programming and immune system development. The microbial population has been described as a functional organ system in the host, and this population outnumbers host cells by a factor of more than ten to one. The presence of a large number of microbial genes that are not found in the host genome means that the native microbial population is an accessory genome to the host animal, providing the ability to degrade feedstuffs and produce the essential nutrients (e.g., vitamins and cofactors) needed by other members of the microbial ecosystem and the host animal. More and more information has shed light on the involvement of the microbial population in immune development, gut health, host physiological status, and even mental health. The dynamic microbial population changes during aging, dietary shifts, and exposure to environmental stressors, and the ability of this population to attenuate these profound shifts increases the adaptability of the host animal and can affect feed efficiency and sustainability.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA

    J. A. Patterson

  2. Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA

    Todd R. Callaway

  3. Meat Science and Animal Biologics Discovery Program, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA

    Steven C. Ricke

Authors
  1. J. A. Patterson
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  2. Todd R. Callaway
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  3. Steven C. Ricke
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Correspondence to Steven C. Ricke .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA

    Todd R. Callaway

  2. Meat Science and Animal Biologics Discovery Program, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA

    Steven C. Ricke

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Patterson, J.A., Callaway, T.R., Ricke, S.C. (2023). Commensal Gastrointestinal Microbiota as a Complex Interactive Consortia. In: Callaway, T.R., Ricke, S.C. (eds) Direct-Fed Microbials and Prebiotics for Animals. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-40512-9_1

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