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Surface Properties of Carbonate Speleothems in Karst Caves Changing Under Biofilms

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Biogenic—Abiogenic Interactions in Natural and Anthropogenic Systems 2022 (BIOCOS 2022)

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Abstract

Some surface properties of carbonate speleothems from Kirillov’s, Pionerskaya and Yaschik Pandory caves in the Republic of Khakasia, as well as Yuryevskaya Cave in the Republic of Tatarstan were investigated. The types of the speleothem samples such as crusts, drips, corallites, and moon milk were studied. All the samples were collected in cave aphotic zones at a wall temperature not higher than + 10 ºC. Differently polished marble onyx, gypsum and glass plates were taken as reference surfaces. The surfaces were processed by polishing, heating, etching chemicals, and adding R2A modified growth media. These modes simulated experimentally common natural processes in the system of “calcium carbonate−chemolithotrophic biofilm”. The speleothem samples under the cave microbial community, which can exist successfully in the upper soil layer, were considered against the background of the reference mineral surfaces. The captive bubble method, SEM, XRD, EDX, as well as DTG analyses were carried out to determine wettability, roughness, total organic matter content, and elemental and mineral compositions of the samples. The metagenome of the microbial community was estimated using 16S rRNA sequence analysis. The influence of fresh and long-lived biofilms on the carbonate surface properties is assessed. The assumption that biofilm dynamics affects the carbonate surface properties and its toughness is substantiated. Our work hypothesized that the part of organic matter can enter the gaps in growing carbonate crystals, then, is sealed with a new mineral phase, and later, is assimilated by heterotrophic and organotrophic organisms.

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Acknowledgements

This paper has been supported by the Kazan Federal University Strategic Academic Leadership Program (PRIORITY-2030).

Funding

This study was funded by Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project number 20–05-00,151.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia

    Oxana A. Sofinskaya, Oleg Y. Andrushkevich, Bulat M. Galiullin, Nataliya E. Gogoleva, Nurislam M. Shaikhutdinov, Eduard A. Korolev, Fedor A. Mouraviev & Rustem M. Usmanov

Authors
  1. Oxana A. Sofinskaya
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  2. Oleg Y. Andrushkevich
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  3. Bulat M. Galiullin
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  4. Nataliya E. Gogoleva
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  5. Nurislam M. Shaikhutdinov
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  6. Eduard A. Korolev
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  7. Fedor A. Mouraviev
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  8. Rustem M. Usmanov
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Oxana A. Sofinskaya .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Crystallography, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia

    Olga V. Frank-Kamenetskaya

  2. Department of Botany, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia

    Dmitry Yu. Vlasov

  3. Department of Geochemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia

    Elena G. Panova

  4. Institute of Phisical chemical and biological problems of soil science RAS, Pushchino, Russia

    Tatiana V. Alekseeva

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Sofinskaya, O.A. et al. (2023). Surface Properties of Carbonate Speleothems in Karst Caves Changing Under Biofilms. In: Frank-Kamenetskaya, O.V., Vlasov, D.Y., Panova, E.G., Alekseeva, T.V. (eds) Biogenic—Abiogenic Interactions in Natural and Anthropogenic Systems 2022. BIOCOS 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-40470-2_29

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