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Translating Animal Findings to Humans in Tinnitus Research

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Textbook of Tinnitus

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Abstract

Animal models of tinnitus have made significant contributions to the current understanding of its neurobiological mechanisms and to the evaluation of potential tinnitus treatments. They have also played an important role in identifying biomarkers for tinnitus diagnosis and treatment. Nonetheless, translating findings from animal studies to humans remains a challenge due to the different and complex pathophysiologies of tinnitus, heterogeneity of the testing population, different methodologies and outcome measures, and differences in drug pharmacokinetics between animals and humans. Future translational studies that employ stricter subject selection criteria, appropriate calculations for human equivalent doses (HEDs) based on body mass, more precise control of electrode locations and stimulation parameters, and a set of comprehensive outcome measures could be expected to achieve more consistent results that may translate more readily to humans suffering from tinnitus. Considering the heterogeneity of tinnitus, developing personalised treatments based on sensitive and reliable biomarkers is urgently needed for both animal and human studies.

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Abbreviations

FDA:

US Food and Drug Administration

GABA :

γ-aminobutyric acid

NMDA:

N-methyl-d-aspartate

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand

    Yiwen Zheng & Paul F. Smith

  2. Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand

    Yiwen Zheng & Paul F. Smith

  3. Brain Research New Zealand, Christchurch, New Zealand

    Yiwen Zheng & Paul F. Smith

  4. Eisdell Moore Centre for Hearing and Balance Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand

    Yiwen Zheng & Paul F. Smith

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  1. Yiwen Zheng
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  2. Paul F. Smith
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Correspondence to Yiwen Zheng .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Information and Process Management, Eastern Switzerland University of Applied Sciences, St. Gallen, Switzerland

    Winfried Schlee

  2. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Interdisciplinary Tinnitus Clinic, University of Regensburg, Bezirksklinikum,, Regensburg, Germany

    Berthold Langguth

  3. Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand

    Dirk De Ridder

  4. School of Psychology, Global Brain Health Institute & Trinity College of Dublin Institute for Neuroscience, Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

    Sven Vanneste

  5. Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland, Switzerland

    Tobias Kleinjung

  6. Neuroscience Program, University of Texas, Dallas School of Brain & Behavioral Sciences, Richardson, TX, USA

    Aage R. Møller

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Zheng, Y., Smith, P.F. (2024). Translating Animal Findings to Humans in Tinnitus Research. In: Schlee, W., Langguth, B., De Ridder, D., Vanneste, S., Kleinjung, T., Møller, A.R. (eds) Textbook of Tinnitus. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35647-6_24

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