Abstract
Executive Functions (EFs) have been identified as the ability to select and apply adaptive strategies for a broad spectrum of activities that imply goals formulation, planning and achievement. They have been studied in relation with several topics such as depression, attention deficits and hyperactivity disorders, in addition to the major field of brain lesions, the latter playing a key role in EFs assessment, due to the common adoption of the related neuropsychological tests. In truth, these tests can turn out highly structured and therefore not always respondent to everyday life situations that go beyond experimental settings. A different approach informs the Tinker Toy Test (TTT), devised by Lezak in 1982 moving from a kids’ building block toy. In particular, the TTT proved promising in predicting return to work for brain-damaged subjects.
In our work, we explore latent structures analysis for assessing psychometric properties of the TTT test, in the framework of Item Response Theory (IRT), with respect to TTT scores from an Italian sample we had investigated previously. As a matter of fact, the latent variable approach has provided fruitful applications to validation itself, crucial for a battery of reliable, standardized and normed measures, the latter representing the perspective aim of our study.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Aiello, E. N., & Depaoli, E. G. (2022). Norms and standardizations in neuropsychology via equivalent scores: Software solutions and practical guides. Neurological Sciences, 43(2), 961{966.
Baghaei, P., & Kubinger, K. D. (2015). Linear logistic test modeling with R. Practical assessment. Research and Evaluation, 20, 633{638.
Capitani, E. (1997). Normative data and neuropsychological assessment. Common problems in clinical practice and research. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 7(4), 295{310.
Capitani, E., & Laiacona, M. (2017). Outer and inner tolerance limits: Their usefulness for the construction of norms and the standardization of neuropsychological tests. Clinical Neuropsychology, 31, 1219{1230.
Crippa, F., Cesana, L., & Daini, R. (2016). Normative data for Lezak’s Tinkertoy test in healthy Italian adults. F1000Research, 727.
Fischer, G. H. (1973). The linear logistic test model as an instrument in educational research. Acta Psychologica, 37, 359{374.
Fischer, G. H. (1995). The linear logistic test model. In G. H. Fischer & I. W. Molenaar (Eds.), Rasch Models (p. 131{155). Springer-Verlag.
Green, K. E., & Smith, R. M. (1987). A comparison of two methods of decomposing item difficulties. Journal of Educational Statistics, 12, 369{381.
Harrell, F. E. (2015). Regression modeling strategies: With applications to linear models, logistic and ordinal regression, and survival analysis. Springer.
Harvey, P. D. (2022). Clinical applications of neuropsychological assessment. Dialogues in clinical neuroscience.
Huber, M., Knottnerus, J. A., Green, L., van der Horst, H., Jadad, A. R., Kromhout, D., & Schnabel, P. (2011). How should we define health? British Medical Journal, 343{d4163.
Kubinger, K. D. (2009). Applications of the linear logistic test model in psychometric research. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 69(2), 232{244.
Lezak, M. D. (1982). The problem of assessing executive functions. International Journal of Psychology, 17, 281{297.
Lezak, M. D., Howieson, D. B., Loring, D. V., & D.V. (2004). Neuropsychological assessment (4th ed.). Oxford University Press.
Mair, P., & Hatzinger, R. (2007). Extended Rasch modeling: The eRm package for the application of IRT models in R.
Mitrushina, M., Boone, J. B., Razani, J., & D’Elia, L. F. (2005). Handbook of normative data for neuropsychological assessment. Oxford University Press.
Rasch, G. (1966). An item analysis which takes individual differences into account. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 19, 49{57.
Poinstingl, H. (2009). The Linear Logistic Test Model (LLTM) as the methodological foundation of item generating rules for a new verbal reasoning test. Psychological Test and Assessment Modeling, 51(2), 123.
Stelmack, J., Szlyk, J. P., Stelmack, T., Babcock-Parziale, J., Demers-Turco, P., Williams, R. T., & Massof, R. W. (2004). Use of Rasch person-item map in exploratory data analysis: A clinical perspective. Journal of Rehabilitation Research Development, 41, 233{241.
World Health Organization. (1946, 19–22 June). Preamble to the Constitution of the World Health Organization as adopted by the International Health Conference. World Health Organization. Available from: https://www.who.int/about/governance/constitution. Accessed 18 July 2022.
Salvador-Carulla, L., & Garcia-Gutierrez, C. (2011). The WHO construct of health-related functioning (HrF) and its implications for health policy. BMC Public Health, 11(4), 1{10.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Crippa, F., Cesana, L., Daini, R. (2023). Neuropsychological Normed Measures for the Tinker Toy Test (TTT). Exploring Latent Structures. In: Skiadas, C.H., Skiadas, C. (eds) Quantitative Demography and Health Estimates. The Springer Series on Demographic Methods and Population Analysis, vol 55. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28697-1_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28697-1_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-28696-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-28697-1
eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)