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Carbon Nanohorns in Drug Delivery and Medical Applications

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Carbon Nanostructures in Biomedical Applications

Part of the book series: Advances in Material Research and Technology ((AMRT))

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Abstract

In 1999, Iijima discovered a new component named Carbon nanohorns (CNHs) or Single walled carbon nanohorns (SWCNHs) along with other carbon nanostructures such as carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, and graphene. CNHs are ~25 nm-diameter, 40–50 nm-long sp2-bonded carbon atom cages. Their tight cage construction with elongated structure makes them a high-aspect-ratio fullerene subclass and a good comparison with single-walled carbon nanotubes. These nanohorns having range of applications like energy conversion, gas storage, super-capacitors, biomedicine, and drug delivery. The mass production at room temperature and the absence of a potentially hazardous metal catalyst are advantages of carbon nanohorns over carbon nanotubes. Pentagons, hexagons, and heptagons make up nanohorns, providing them a wide spectrum of chemical properties. CNHs have special features that make them useful in a wide range of biological contexts due to their conical form and surface chemistry. The tip of CNHs can be chemically functionalized with certain ligands and other molecules to improve its hydrophilicity and stability, and the conical form may also aid entrap drugs or other chemical, bio-molecules and substances. CNHs, are extremely light absorbent, which makes them effective in phototherapy for a wide range of medical conditions possible. For the purposes of drug delivery and different medical applications, this chapter summarises the advancement of carbon nanohorns, including their properties, functionalization, and its possible potential in those fields.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutics, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India

    Gouranga Dutta

  2. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, 786004, Assam, India

    Nilayan Guha & Md. Kamaruz Zaman

  3. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Assam University (A Central University), Silchar, 788011, Assam, India

    Abimanyu Sugumaran

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  1. Gouranga Dutta
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  2. Nilayan Guha
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  4. Md. Kamaruz Zaman
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Correspondence to Abimanyu Sugumaran .

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  1. Department of Pharmacy, Palamau Institute of Pharmacy, Daltonganj, Jharkhand, India

    Md Saquib Hasnain

  2. Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

    Amit Kumar Nayak

  3. Department of Zoology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Saad Alkahtani

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Dutta, G., Guha, N., Sugumaran, A., Kamaruz Zaman, M. (2023). Carbon Nanohorns in Drug Delivery and Medical Applications. In: Hasnain, M.S., Nayak, A.K., Alkahtani, S. (eds) Carbon Nanostructures in Biomedical Applications. Advances in Material Research and Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28263-8_4

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