Abstract
Scabbard, one of the Post-quantum Key Encapsulation Mechanisms (KEM), is a improved version of Saber that Lattice-based Key Encapsulation Mechanism. Scabbard has three schemes, called Florete, Espada, and Sable. Florete is a Ring-LWR-based KEM that effectively reuses the hardware architecture module used in Saber. Espada is a Module-LWR-based KEM that can be parallelized, requires very little memory, and is advantageous for operating in a resource-constrained environment. Finally, Sable adjusted the parameters to reduce the standard deviation of errors occurring in the Saber. In this paper, we propose ARMing-sword that optimized implementation of Scabbard on ARM processor. For the efficient implementation, a parallel operation technique using vector registers and vector instructions of the ARM processor is used. We focused on optimizing the multiplier, which takes majority execution time for Scabbard computation, and propose a Direct Mapping and Sliding Window methods for accumulating computation results. ARMing-sword has a performance difference of up-to 6.34\(\times \) in the multiplier and a performance difference of up-to 2.17\(\times \) in the encryption algorithm to which the optimization technique is applied.
This work was partly supported by Institute for Information & communications Technology Promotion(IITP) grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT) (No.2018-0-00264, Research on Blockchain Security Technology for IoT Services, 50%) and this work was partly supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT) (No. NRF-2020R1F1A1048478, 50%) and this work was partly supported by Institute of Information & communications Technology Planning & Evaluation (IITP) grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT) (No.2022-0-00627, Development of Lightweight BIoT technology for Highly Constrained Devices, 25%).
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Kwon, H. et al. (2023). ARMing-Sword: Scabbard on ARM. In: You, I., Youn, TY. (eds) Information Security Applications. WISA 2022. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 13720. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25659-2_17
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