Abstract
This chapter focuses on the renewed attention given to citizens’ everyday discussions and the public sphere in the systemic approach to deliberation. The need to understand discussion processes beyond single forums has brought media studies to the center of our research. The main argument presented in this chapter is that the public sphere is not an abstract space, but rather a complex and dynamic system of communicative interactions that take place in a variety of settings, each with their own designs, resources, affordances, and contexts. Systemic thinking, while retaining a normative ground of deliberation, requires a focus on the interconnected media environment and the circulation of information, including dysfunctional information, as well as the threats posed by populist agendas and illiberal or authoritarian attacks. In order to advance efforts to unify fields of knowledge, scholars in disciplines that normally remain separate must collaborate to give equal analytical attention and meticulous measurement to informal settings and everyday discussions, just as they would to legislatures and deliberately designed forums.
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Notes
- 1.
In Habermas’ words, “Political communication, circulating from the bottom up and the top down throughout a multilevel system (from everyday talk in civil society, through public discourse and mediated communication in weak publics, to the institutionalized discourses at the center of the political system), takes on quite different forms in different arenas” (Habermas, 2006, p. 415). In the expanded version of this article, Habermas explains that political communication circulates among three levels: (a) the level of “institutionalized discourse” at the centre of the political system, (b) the level of “media-based mass communication,” and (c) the level of “everyday political communication in civil society” (Habermas, 2009, p. 159).
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Maia, R.C.M., Hauber, G., Choucair, T. (2023). Bringing the Public Sphere and the Media Back to the Systemic Approach. In: The Deliberative System and Inter-Connected Media in Times of Uncertainty. The Palgrave Macmillan Series in International Political Communication. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23466-8_3
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