Abstract
In this chapter, a method for the separation of mixed polymeric waste from the automotive industry for the efficient recovery of raw materials for mechanical recycling was proposed. The topic of the study was shredded mixed polymeric waste, which was subjected to separation in several stages (for liquids of different specific densities) using the sink-float density method. In this process, the mixed plastics were separated into a heavy fraction and a light fraction, consisting of plastics of lower specific density in comparison with the medium in which the flotation process was carried out. Next, the selected separated material fractions were subjected to heat pressing to prepare standardized test samples intended to evaluate the quality of the polymer blends produced. The mechanical properties were evaluated by a static tensile test in which the tensile modulus, tensile strength, elongation at maximum tensile strength, tensile at the break, and elongation at break were determined. Microscopic evaluation of the fractured surface obtained in the static tensile test was also evaluated. The obtained test results allowed us to evaluate the efficiency of the separation process using the flotation method and allowed us to determine the most advantageous composition of the composite. The study showed that by sink-float separation it is possible to recover pure polymer fractions for industrial applications.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
P. Collective edited by M. K. [1], Plastics Recycling in Europe.
Kozlowski, M., & Rydarowski, H. (2012). Recycling of polymeric waste from electronics and vehicles. Wydaw. Nauk. ITB-PIB Radom.
Michalski, J., & Tarkowski, Z. Recycling of electrical and electronic waste.
Żenkiewicz, M., & Żuk, T. (2014). Electrostatic separation of poly(vinyl chloride) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) blends. Przemysl Chemiczny, 93(1), 54–57. https://doi.org/10.12916/przemchem.2014.54
Żenkiewicz, M., Żuk, T., & Blaszkowski, M. (2014). Electrostatic separation of polymer blends with different contents of PVC and PLA, Plastics. Process Plastics, [R.] 20(2 (158)) Accessed 13 Dec 2021 [Online]. Available at: http://yadda.icm.edu.pl/baztech/element/bwmeta1.element.baztech-a7ef9642-8bfd-4d31-928a-77a2c3bb4a2a
Takoungsakdakun, T., & Pongstabodee, S. (2007). Separation of mixed post-consumer PET-POM-PVC plastic waste using selective flotation. Separation and Purification Technology, 54, 248–252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2006.09.011
Wang, C., Wang, H., Fu, J., & Liu, Y. (2015). Flotation separation of waste plastics for recycling-A review. Waste Management, 41, 28–38.
Barbakadze, K., Brostov, V., Granowski, G., Hnatchuk, N., Lohse, S., & Osmanson, A. T. (2018). Separation of metal and plastic wastes from wire and cable manufacturing for effective recycling. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 139, 251–258.
Yang, X., Liu, X., Song, L., Lv, C. Y., & Cheng, X. (2017). Study on the separators for plastic wastes processing. Procedia Engineering, 174, 497–503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.01.172
Żenkiewicz, M., Żuk, T., & Królikowski, K. (2012). Methods for sorting waste polymer plastics. Przetw Plastics, [R.] 18(6), 692–698.
Bedeković, G., Salopek, B., & Sobota, I. (2011). Electrostatic separation of PET/PVC mixture (p. 6).
Güney, A., Özdilek, C., Kangal, M. O., & Burat, F. (2015). Flotation characterization of PET and PVC in the presence of different plasticizers. Separation and Purification Technology, 151, 47–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2015.07.027
Burat, F., Güney, A., & Olgaç Kangal, M. (2009). Selective separation of virgin and post-consumer polymers (PET and PVC) by flotation method. Waste Management, 29(6), 1807–1813. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2008.12.018
Zhang, L., & Xu, Z. (2016). A review of current progress of recycling technologies for metals from waste electrical and electronic equipment. Journal of Cleaner Production, 127, 19–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.04.004
Wang, R., & Xu, Z. (2014). Recycling of non-metallic fractions from waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE): A review. Waste Management, 34(8), 1455–1469. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2014.03.004
Dodbiba, G., & Fujita, T. (2004). Progress in separating plastic materials for recycling. Physical Separation in Science and Engineering, 13(3–4), 165–182. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786470412331326350
Al-Salem, S. M., Lettieri, P., & Baeyens, J. (2009). Recycling and recovery routes of plastic solid waste (PSW): A review. Waste Management, 29(10), 2625–2643. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2009.06.004
Lyskawinski, W., et al. (2021). Tribo-electrostatic separation analysis of a beneficial solution in the recycling of mixed poly(ethylene terephthalate) and high-density polyethylene. Energies, 14(6), Art. no. 6. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14061755
Pongstabodee, S., Kunachitpimol, N., & Damronglerd, S. (2008). Combination of three-stage sink-float method and selective flotation technique for separation of mixed post-consumer plastic waste. Waste Management, 28(3), 475–483.
Gent, M. R., Menendez, M., Toraño, J., & Diego, I. (2009). Recycling of plastic waste by density separation: Prospects for optimization. Waste Management & Research, 27(2), 175–187.
Regulski, R., et al. (2021). Automated test bench for research on electrostatic separation in plastic recycling application. Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences-Technical Sciences, 69(2), e136719.
Rybarczyk, D., et al. (2020). Assessment of the electrostatic separation effectiveness of plastic waste using a vision system. Sensors, 20(24), 7201.
Principles of measurement with Kruss K6 force tensiometer https://www.kruess.com. Accessed 13/04/2021.
https://eldan-recycling.com/sites/default/files/BR_CABLE_1804_EN_low-180409.pdf (dostęp 14.10.2020).
Sika, R., et al. (2020). Decision support system in the field of defects assessment in the metal matrix composites castings. Materials, 13, 3552. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13163552
Czarnecka-Komorowska, D., et al. (2021). Polyethylene/polyamide blends made of waste with Compatibilizer: Processing, morphology, rheological and thermo-mechanical behavior. Polymers, 13(14), 2385. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13142385
Czarnecka-Komorowska, D., et al. (2021). Recycling of plastics from cable waste from automotive industry in Poland as an approach to the circular economy. Polymers, 13(21), 3845. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13213845
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Czarnecka-Komorowska, D., Kanciak, W. (2023). Development of Sink-Float Density Separation Process of Mixed Automotive Plastics for Mechanical Recycling. In: Knapčíková, L., Peraković, D. (eds) 7th EAI International Conference on Management of Manufacturing Systems. MMS 2022. EAI/Springer Innovations in Communication and Computing. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22719-6_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22719-6_9
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-22718-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-22719-6
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)