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Determination of Illegal Signs of Coal Mining Expansion in Thai Nguyen Province, Vietnam from a Combination of Radar and Optical Imagery

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Advances in Geospatial Technology in Mining and Earth Sciences (GTER 2022)

Part of the book series: Environmental Science and Engineering ((ESE))

Abstract

Vietnam has diverse and rich natural resources with over 5000 mines and 60 different types of minerals. Mineral activities in Vietnam are licensed by the Government and must ensure to protect the environment and daily activities. However, due to the high profits generated from mining, there have been many illegal mining activities taking place all over Vietnam. One of the causes leading to this situation is the insufficiency in monitoring and managing resources and minerals. Additionally, many mines are located in the forest which is difficult to detect. Therefore, in this study, we adopt Sentinel-1 radar satellite image and Sentinel-2 multi-temporal satellite image to determine illegal coal mining activities at the Minh Tien coal mine, Thai Nguyen province, Vietnam. The research method includes applying Google Earth Engine (GEE) for processing the Sentinel-1 images in both ascending and descending directions and Sentinel-2 optical images to calculate the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) series to control the different trends from 2016 to 2021. NDVI is then employed to mask the areas with vegetation that witness no abrupt changes in the land cover. This NDVI also acts as the basis for collecting samples for Random Forest classification of the Sentinel-2 images. The results from Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 combined with MASK from NDVI have determined the expansion area of the Minh Tien coal mine. The results are compared with those published on the website of Thai Nguyen Portal and have a significant similarity.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Google provided Google Earth Engine development platform for processing data. Thank to ISRM Reasearch Group for providing a lot of valuable information about the mining situation in Thai Nguyen area.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, 18 Vien Street, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam

    Tran Van Anh, Tran Hong Hanh, Le Thanh Nghi & Tran Trung Anh

  2. National Academy of Public Administration, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam

    Nguyen Quynh Nga

  3. Hanoi University of Natural Resources and Environment, 41A Phu Dien Road, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam

    Truong Xuan Quang

  4. Hanoi University of Civil Engineering, 55 Giai Phong Street, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam

    Khuc Thanh Dong

  5. Innovations for Sustainable and Responsible Mining (ISRM) Research Group, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam

    Tran Van Anh

Authors
  1. Tran Van Anh
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  2. Tran Hong Hanh
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  3. Nguyen Quynh Nga
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  4. Le Thanh Nghi
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  7. Tran Trung Anh
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tran Van Anh .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mine Surveying, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Hanoi, Vietnam

    Long Quoc Nguyen

  2. Department of Geodesy, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Hanoi, Vietnam

    Luyen Khac Bui

  3. Department of Surface Mining, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Hanoi, Vietnam

    Xuan-Nam Bui

  4. Department of Geology, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Hanoi, Vietnam

    Hai Thanh Tran

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Van Anh, T. et al. (2023). Determination of Illegal Signs of Coal Mining Expansion in Thai Nguyen Province, Vietnam from a Combination of Radar and Optical Imagery. In: Nguyen, L.Q., Bui, L.K., Bui, XN., Tran, H.T. (eds) Advances in Geospatial Technology in Mining and Earth Sciences. GTER 2022. Environmental Science and Engineering. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20463-0_14

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