Abstract
Characterization of human skin properties is more and more intriguing scientists as it is an nonlinear anisotropic material. This mechanical behavior can be justified by the presence of collagen fibers. These fibers induce a natural prestress responsible of aging and anisotropy of the skin. Therefore, the present paper proposes an insight into the study of a new intrinsic human skin characteristic, which is the natural prestress of the cutaneous tissue. The purpose of this work is to distance the relation between human skin natural prestress and wave propagation velocity in the surface of the skin. To this aim, a 3D model based on the Finite Element Method (FEM) was developed. The skin is modeled by a stratified 3D volume with two layers. The cutaneous tissue is considered as an isotropic linear elastic material. The upper outer surface is subjected to a mechanical impact inducing a surface wave that propagates throughout the surface. The wave propagation velocity is calculated along a path on the surface of the FE model. The influence of the human skin prestress on the velocity of the wave propagation is investigated. A major conclusion states that the prestress slows down the wave propagation. Thus, the wave propagation velocity decreases when the prestress increases. The skin soaks the loading and is then similar to an elastic trampoline.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Abellan, M-A., Feulvarch, E., Zahouani, H., Bergheau, J.-M.L.: Numerical simulation of in vivo indentation tests: determination of the mechanical properties of human skin. In: 21st Congrès Français de Mécanique, CFM 2013, Bordeaux, France, 26–30 August (2013)
Agache, P., Monneu, C., Lévêque, J., De Rigal, J.: Mechanical properties and young’s modulus of human skin in vivo. Arch. Dermatol. Res. 269, 221–232 (1980)
Agache, P.: Physiologie de la peau humaine et explorations fonctionnelles cutanées. Lavoisier (2000)
Ayadh, M., Abellan, M.-A., Helfenstein-Didier, C., Bigouret, A., Zahouani, H.: Methods for characterizing the anisotropic behavior of the human skin’s relief and its mechanical properties in vivo linked to age effects. Surf. Topogr. Metrol. Prop. 8, 014002 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1088/2051-672X/ab7c31
Azzez, K., Abellan, M.-A., Chaabane, M., Bergheau, J.-M., Zahouani, H., Dogui, A.: Investigation on the effect of the contact-free creep test loading conditions on the human skin viscoelastic parameters. In: Aifaoui, N., et al. (eds.) CMSM 2019. LNME, pp. 214–220. Springer, Cham (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27146-6_23
Bischoff, J.E., Arruda, E.M., Grosh, K.: A rheological network model for the continuum anisotropic and viscoelastic behavior of soft tissue. Biomech. Model. Mechanobiol. 3(1), 56–65 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10237-004-0049-4
Bonnet, I., et al.: Collagen XVII : a key interfacial component of the skin architecture. Int. J. Cosmet. Sci. 68, 35–41 (2017)
Danielson, D.: Human skin as an elastic membrane. J. Biomech. 6, 539–546 (1973)
De Rigal, J.D., Lévêque, J.: In vivo measurement of the stratum corneum elasticity. Bioeng. Skin 1, 13–23 (1985)
Delalleau, A., Josse, G., Lagarde, J.-M., Zahouani, H., Bergheau, J.-M.: A nonlinear elastic behavior to identify the mechanical parameters of human skin in vivo. Skin Res. Technol. 14, 152–164 (2008)
Diridollou, S., et al.: In vivo model of the mechanical properties of the human skin under suction. Skin Res. Technol. 6(4), 214–221 (2000)
Flynn, C., Taberner, A., Nielsen, P.: Modeling the mechanical response of in vivo human skin under a rich set of deformations. Ann. Biomed. Eng. 39(7), 1935–1946 (2011)
Kawahara, T., Tokuda, K., Tanaka, N., Kaneko, M.: Non-contact impedance sensing. Artif. Life Robot. 10(1), 35–40 (2006)
Lakhani, P., Dwivedi, K.K., Parashar, A., Kumar. N.: Non-invasive in vivo quantification of directional dependent variation in mechanical properties for human skin. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol. 9, 749492 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.749492. PMID: 34746105. PMCID: PMC8569611
Leveque, J.-L., De Rigal, J., Agache, P.-G., Monneur, C.: Influence of ageing on the in vivo extensibility of human skin at a low stress. Arch. Dermatol. Res. 269(2), 127–135 (1980)
Li, G., Guan, G., Reif, R., Huang, Z., Wang, R.K.: Determining elastic properties of skin by measuring surface waves from an impulse mechanical stimulus using phase-sensitive optical coherence tomography. J. R. Soc. Interface 9(70), 831–841 (2011)
Tanaka, N., Kaneko, M.: Direction dependent response of human skin. Conf. Proc. IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Soc. 2007, 1687–1690 (2007)
Zahouani, H., et al.: Characterization of the mechanical properties of a dermal equivalent compared with human skin in vivo by indentation and static friction tests. Skin Res. Technol. 15, 68–76 (2009)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Azzez, K., Abellan, MA., Chaabane, M., Bergheau, JM., Dogui, A., Zahouani, H. (2023). Introduction of Human Skin Prestress: Effect on the Wave Propagation Velocity. In: Walha, L., et al. Design and Modeling of Mechanical Systems - V. CMSM 2021. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14615-2_90
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14615-2_90
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-14614-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-14615-2
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)