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Contrasting Diffusive Methane Emission from Two Closely Situated Aquaculture Ponds of Varying Salinity Situated in a Wetland of Eastern India

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Fluvial Systems in the Anthropocene

Abstract

Inland aquaculture practice is becoming popular throughout the world to suffice the increasing protein demand of the growing population. Aquaculture ponds in general emit methane (CH4) towards the atmosphere. However, available data are scarce from India, where the number of aquaculture plots is growing at a fast pace. We measured the partial pressure of CH4 in surface water [pCH4(w)], the atmosphere-pond CH4 fluxes, and several relevant biogeochemical parameters in sewage–fed freshwater (FWP) and oligohaline (OHP) aquaculture ponds situated in an eastern Indian wetland. We hypothesized that pCH4(w) and the atmosphere-pond CH4 effluxes would significantly vary between FWP and OHP as salinity plays a crucial role in regulating the methanogens in any water column. Measurements were carried out in both FWP and OHP throughout an annual cycle. FWP and OHP emitted CH4 at the rate of 22.4 ± 16.2 mg m−2 h−1 and 13.4 ± 13.6 mg m−2 h−1, respectively. Apart from low salinity, turbidity was higher in FWP, which in turn led to reduced photosynthetic activities and lower dissolved oxygen levels compared to OHP. pH was also substantially lower in FWP compared to OHP. More anaerobic and low pH conditions in FWP compared to OHP favored methanogenic activities and methane oxidation was discouraged, which led to higher atmosphere-pond CH4 fluxes from FWP compared to OHP. However, both FWP and OHP exhibited annual mean CH4 effluxes much higher than the efflux rates observed in most of the Chinese aquaculture ponds.

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Acknowledgements

All the authors are indebted to the National Remote Sensing Centre, Govt. of India for providing the research grant. Sania Shaher is indebted to the University Grants Commission (UGC), India for providing the UGC National Fellowship. The authors are also thankful to the East Kolkata Wetlands Management Authority, Govt. of West Bengal, and the local fisher community for extending their help and sharing their views and traditional knowledge. The authors are deeply grateful to Late Prof. Ananda Dev Mukherjee for his steady support and encouragement throughout this piece of research.

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  1. School of Oceanographic Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India

    Sania Shaher, Abhra Chanda, Sugata Hazra, Sandip Giri, Isha Das, Sourav Samanta & Sourav Das

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  1. Sania Shaher
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  2. Abhra Chanda
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Correspondence to Abhra Chanda .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geography, Aliah University, Kolkata, India

    Aznarul Islam

  2. Department of Geography, Victoria Institution (College), Kolkata, India

    Prakriti Das

  3. Department of Geography, Chandrapur College, Bardhaman, West Bengal, India

    Sandipan Ghosh

  4. Department of Geography, Ranaghat College, Nadia, West Bengal, India

    Abarna Mukhopadhyay

  5. Post-Graduate Department of Geography, Chandernagore College, Chandannagar, West Bengal, India

    Ayan Das Gupta

  6. Shree Ranjani Housing Society, Foundation of Practising Geographers, Kolkata, India

    Arun Kumar Singh

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Shaher, S. et al. (2022). Contrasting Diffusive Methane Emission from Two Closely Situated Aquaculture Ponds of Varying Salinity Situated in a Wetland of Eastern India. In: Islam, A., Das, P., Ghosh, S., Mukhopadhyay, A., Das Gupta, A., Kumar Singh, A. (eds) Fluvial Systems in the Anthropocene. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11181-5_20

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