Skip to main content

Ensuring Strong Public Support for Automation in the Planning Process: From Engagement to Co-creation

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Road Vehicle Automation 9 (ARTSymposium 2021)

Abstract

Hailed as the next transportation revolution, automated vehicles (AVs) are expected to have dramatic impacts on the environment, economies, and society. Potential benefits of, as well as any potential burdens from, AV deployment will depend in large part on whether and how individuals will use them. Gaining a better understanding of public attitudes towards AVs can thus provide important insights into the future of automated transportation. This conference session brought together participants from the academic, planning, and commercial business development sectors to learn about the status of public attitudes towards and preferences for AVs, discuss transferable results from prior engagement projects and promotion campaigns, exchange strategies for engaging citizens in the AV planning process, and coordinate strategies at an international level. During the session, the presenters highlighted key findings and lessons learned from prior research and engagement efforts, as well as outlined areas for future work and research.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    https://www.wise-act.eu.

  2. 2.

    COST (Cooperation in Science and Technology) is the longest running funding scheme in Europe: www.cost.eu.

  3. 3.

    https://sciencewise.org.uk/projects/connected-and-autonomous-vehicles.

References

  1. SAE: J3016B: taxonomy and definitions for terms related to driving automation systems for on-road motor vehicles, 15 June 2018. https://www.sae.org/standards/content/j3016_201806/. Accessed 19 Apr 2021

  2. Williams, E., Das, V., Fisher, A.: Assessing the sustainability implications of autonomous vehicles: recommendations for research community practice. Sustainability 12(5) (2020). Art. no. 5. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12051902

  3. Masson-Delmotte, V., et al.: Global warming of 1.5 °C. An IPCC Special Report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate poverty (2018). Accessed 28 Oct 2021. https://www.ipcc.ch/sr15/

  4. UNEP: ‘Global Green New Deal’. Environmentally-Focused Investment Historic Opportunity for 21st Century Prosperity and Job Generation (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  5. UNFCC: Key aspects of the Paris Agreement, United Nations Climate Change. https://unfccc.int/process-and-meetings/the-paris-agreement/the-paris-agreement/key-aspects-of-the-paris-agreement. Accessed 28 Oct 2021

  6. Milakis, D., Thomopoulos, N., Van Wee, B.: Policy Implications of Autonomous Vehicles. Academic Press (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Thomopoulos, N., Givoni, M.: The autonomous car—a blessing or a curse for the future of low carbon mobility? An exploration of likely vs. desirable outcomes. Eur. J. Futures Res. 3(1), 1–14 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40309-015-0071-z

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Shiftan, Y., Polydoropoulou, A., Thomopoulos, N., Rappazzo, V.: Autonomous and connected transport - the user perspective, Special Issue. Sustain (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Carayannis, E.G., Campbell, D.F.J.: Mode 3 knowledge production in Quadruple helix innovation systems. In: Carayannis, E.G., Campbell, D.F.J. (eds.) Mode 3 Knowledge Production in Quadruple Helix Innovation Systems: 21st-Century Democracy, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship for Development, pp. 1–63. Springer, New York (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-2062-0_1

  10. Khoeini, S.: Autonomous vehicles: familiarity, awareness, and perceptions. Presented at the Automated Road Transportation Symposium 2021, 15 July 2021. https://www.tomnet-utc.org/leadership-webinarseries.html

  11. Nair, G.S., Bhat, C.R.: Sharing the road with autonomous vehicles: perceived safety and regulatory preferences. Transp. Res. Part C Emerg. Technol. 122, 102885 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2020.102885

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Moody, J., Bailey, N., Zhao, J.: Public perceptions of autonomous vehicle safety: an international comparison. Saf. Sci. 121, 634–650 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2019.07.022

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Eurobarometer: Expectations and concerns from a connected and automated mobility Eurobarometer survey, April 2020. Accessed 10 Sept 2021. https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/surveys/detail/2231

  14. Kyriakidis, M., Sodnik, J., Stojmenova, K., Elvarsson, A.B., Pronello, C., Thomopoulos, N.: The role of human operators in safety perception of AV deployment—insights from a large european survey. Sustainability 12(21) (2020). Art. no. 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12219166

  15. Polydoropoulou, A., et al.: Who is willing to share their AV? Insights about gender differences among seven countries. Sustainability 13(9) (2021). Art. no. 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13094769

  16. Canitez, F., Thomopoulos, N., Cantafio, G.: WISE-ACT atlas: AV trials global overview. Presented at the WISE-ACT Workshop 1, Bratislava, Slovakia, 17 March 2018

    Google Scholar 

  17. Narayanan, S., Chaniotakis, E., Antoniou, C.: Chapter one - factors affecting traffic flow efficiency implications of connected and autonomous vehicles: a review and policy recommendations. In: Milakis, D., Thomopoulos, N., van Wee, B. (eds.) Advances in Transport Policy and Planning, vol. 5, pp. 1–50. Academic Press (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.atpp.2020.02.004

  18. Thomopoulos, N., Cohen, S., Hopkins, D., Siegel, L., Kimber, S.: All work and no play? Autonomous vehicles and non-commuting journeys. Transp. Rev. 41(4), 456–477 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2020.1857460

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Gkartzonikas, C., Gkritza, K.: What have we learned? A review of stated preference and choice studies on autonomous vehicles. Transp. Res. Part C Emerg. Technol. 98, 323–337 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2018.12.003

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Zegras, P.C., Butts, K., Cadena, A., Palencia, D.: Spatiotemporal dynamics in public transport personal security perceptions: digital evidence from Mexico City’s periphery. ICT Transport, May 2015. Accessed 29 Oct 2021. https://www.elgaronline.com/view/edcoll/9781783471287/9781783471287.00014.xml

  21. Etzioni, S., et al.: Modeling cross-national differences in automated vehicle acceptance. Sustainability 12(22) (2020). Art. no. 22. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12229765

  22. Moody, J., Middleton, S., Zhao, J.: Rider-to-rider discriminatory attitudes and ridesharing behavior. Transp. Res. Part F Traffic Psychol. Behav. 62, 258–273 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2019.01.003

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Krueger, R., Rashidi, T.H., Rose, J.M.: Preferences for shared autonomous vehicles. Transp. Res. Part C Emerg. Technol. 69, 343–355 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2016.06.015

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Kim, S.H., Circella, G., Mokhtarian, P.L.: Identifying latent mode-use propensity segments in an all-AV era. Transp. Res. Part Policy Pract. 130, 192–207 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2019.09.015

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Kassens-Noor, E., Kotval-Karamchandani, Z., Cai, M.: Willingness to ride and perceptions of autonomous public transit. Transp. Res. Part Policy Pract. 138, 92–104 (2020 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2020.05.010

  26. Dong, X., DiScenna, M., Guerra, E.: Transit user perceptions of driverless buses. Transportation 46(1), 35–50 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-017-9786-y

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Rahimi, A., Azimi, G., Asgari, H., Jin, X.: Adoption and willingness to pay for autonomous vehicles: attitudes and latent classes. Transp. Res. Part Transp. Environ. 89, 102611 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2020.102611

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Rahimi, A., Azimi, G., Jin, X.: Examining human attitudes toward shared mobility options and autonomous vehicles. Transp. Res. Part F Traffic Psychol. Behav. 72, 133–154 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2020.05.001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. WISE-ACT: Working Group 2 Thematic Report (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Haboucha, C.J., Ishaq, R., Shiftan, Y.: User preferences regarding autonomous vehicles. Transp. Res. Part C Emerg. Technol. 78, 37–49 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2017.01.010

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Kaplan, L.: U.S. public forums on automated mobility. Presented at the Automated Road Transportation Symposium 2021, 15 July 2021

    Google Scholar 

  32. Russ, M.: Cities & citizens a dialogue on CCAM. Presented at the Automated Road Transportation Symposium 2021, 15 July 2021

    Google Scholar 

  33. Farooque, M., Lloyd, J., Tomblin, D., Quach, K.: Driverless cars and the public: right answers or wrong questions? Presented at the Automated Road Transportation Symposium, 15 July 2021

    Google Scholar 

  34. Yonei, Y.: Public acceptance of autonomous vehicle in Japan. Presented at the Automated Road Transportation Symposium 2021, 15 July 2021

    Google Scholar 

  35. Kaplan, L., Farooque, M., Sarewitz, D., Tomblin, D.: Designing participatory technology assessments: a reflexive method for advancing the public role in science policy decision-making. Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change 171, 120974 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.120974

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Hilgarter, K., Granig, P.: Public perception of autonomous vehicles: a qualitative study based on interviews after riding an autonomous shuttle. Transp. Res. Part F Traffic Psychol. Behav. 72, 226–243 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2020.05.012

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Penmetsa, P., Adanu, E.K., Wood, D., Wang, T., Jones, S.L.: Perceptions and expectations of autonomous vehicles – a snapshot of vulnerable road user opinion. Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change 143, 9–13 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2019.02.010

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Bennett, R., Vijaygopal, R., Kottasz, R.: Attitudes towards autonomous vehicles among people with physical disabilities. Transp. Res. Part Policy Pract. 127, 1–17 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2019.07.002

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Blumenthal, M.S., Fraade-Blanar, L., Best, R., Irwin, J.L.: Safe Enough: Approaches to Assessing Acceptable Safety for Automated Vehicles (2020). Accessed 29 Oct 2021. https://trid.trb.org/view/1751154

  40. Kalra, N., Paddock, S.M.: Driving to safety: how many miles of driving would it take to demonstrate autonomous vehicle reliability? Transp. Res. Part Policy Pract. 94, 182–193 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2016.09.010

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Grosso, M.: Joint research centre focus groups with transport experts and non expert participants. Presented at the Automated Road Transportation Symposium 2021, 15 July 2021

    Google Scholar 

  42. Backhaus, W.: Automation-ready authorities fora with European cities. Presented at the Automated Road Transportation Symposium 2021, 15 July 2021

    Google Scholar 

  43. Uchimura, T.: Pilot test in Japan. Presented at the Automated Road Transportation Symposium 2021, 15 July 2021

    Google Scholar 

  44. ENoLL: What is ENoLL. European Network of Living Labs. http://enoll.org/about-us/. Accessed 8 Oct 2021

  45. Martens, K.: Transport Justice: Designing Fair Transportation Systems. Routledge, New York (2016). https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315746852

  46. Thomopoulos, N., Grant-Muller, S., Tight, M.R.: Incorporating equity considerations in transport infrastructure evaluation: current practice and a proposed methodology. Eval. Program Plann. 32(4), 351–359 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2009.06.013

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. European Commission: COM(2020)789 - sustainable and smart mobility strategy - putting European transport on track for the future - Parlementaire monitor (2020). https://www.parlementairemonitor.nl/9353000/1/j9tvgajcor7dxyk_j9vvij5epmj1ey0/vlehreuol0wv. Accessed 8 Oct 2021

  48. Thomopoulos, N., Grant-Muller, S.: Incorporating equity as part of the wider impacts in transport infrastructure assessment: an application of the SUMINI approach. Transportation 40(2), 315–345 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-012-9418-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Leah Kaplan .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Kaplan, L. et al. (2023). Ensuring Strong Public Support for Automation in the Planning Process: From Engagement to Co-creation. In: Meyer, G., Beiker, S. (eds) Road Vehicle Automation 9. ARTSymposium 2021. Lecture Notes in Mobility. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11112-9_13

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11112-9_13

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-11111-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-11112-9

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics