Abstract
The need for appropriate adaptation to climate change measures is growing fast. Water management is one of the most relevant issues in the adaptation policy field because more extreme and frequent weather events increase flood and drought risks. In order to understand the adaptation policy process, this book compares the flood management policies of South Korea and Germany. Those countries have similar geographic, economic, and political conditions but adopted contrasting policies for flood risk management as indicated in their national climate change adaptation plans. This study combined grounded theory methods and a comparative case study, aiming to uncover the components underpinning different policy processes in practice. Various data collection methods including in-depth interviews, participant observation, and a review of documents enriched the results of this study, which are unfolded in the following chapters.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
See the definition of adaptation in Sect. 3.1.2.
- 2.
Water management in this book refers to different political and technical approaches to the control and use of water resources. It is used as a broader term than water governance, which emphasises the political and social aspects of water management.
- 3.
In this book, Korean names are written with the surname first as in Korean. In addition, Korean authors’ names are written in full names with the surname first when it is necessary for better distinction.
- 4.
The first German Adaptation Strategy was set up in 2008 and the first National Climate Change Adaptation Plan of South Korea was established in 2010.
- 5.
Path dependence and critical junctures are two key analytical concepts of historical institutionalism, which is one of four new institutionalist approaches (rational choice, sociological, historical, and discursive institutionalism. This study applies discursive institutionalism for its analytical framework, but it borrows some analytical elements from historical institutionalism because discursive institutionalism is an extensive concept that includes all approaches that take account of ideas and the interactions within new institutionalism. See Sect. 2.3.3 for more explanations of discursive institutionalism in historical institutionalism tradition.
References
Alexander, M., Priest, S., & Mees, H. (2016). A framework for evaluating flood risk governance. Environmental Science & Policy, 64, 38–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2016.06.004
Arrow, K., Bolin, B., Costanza, R., Dasgupta, P., Folke, C., Holling, C. S., et al. (1995). Economic growth, carrying capacity, and the environment. Ecological Economics, 15(2), 91–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/0921-8009(95)00059-3
Barriopedro, D., Fischer, E. M., Luterbacher, J., Trigo, R. M., & García-Herrera, R. (2011). The hot summer of 2010: Redrawing the temperature record map of Europe. Science, 332(6026), 220–224. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1201224
Bauer, A., & Steurer, R. (2015). National Adaptation Strategies, what else? Comparing adaptation mainstreaming in German and Dutch water management. Regional Environmental Change, 15(2), 341–352. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-014-0655-3
Bennett, A., & Checkel, J. T. (Eds.). (2015). Process tracing. Cambridge University Press.
Berrang-Ford, L., Ford, J. D., & Paterson, J. (2011). Are we adapting to climate change? Global Environmental Change, 21(1), 25–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2010.09.012
Beurton, S., & Thieken, A. H. (2009). Seasonality of floods in Germany. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 54(1), 62–76. https://doi.org/10.1623/hysj.54.1.62
Blackbourn, D. (2006). The conquest of nature. Water, landscape and the making of modern Germany. Norton.
Blaikie, N. (2000). Designing social research. Polity Press.
BMU. (2017). Fragen und Antworten zum Nationalen Hochwasserschutzprogramm. Edited by BMU. Retrieved December 28, 2019, from https://www.bmu.de/themen/wasser-abfall-boden/binnengewaesser/hochwasservorsorge/nationaler-hochwasserschutz/hochwasserschutzprogramm
BMU/UBA. (2018). Water resource Management in Germany. Fundamentals, pressures, measures. UBA.
Bosomworth, K. (2018). A discursive–institutional perspective on transformative governance: A case from a fire management policy sector. Env Pol Gov, 28(6), 415–425. https://doi.org/10.1002/eet.1806
Boykoff, M. T. (2011). Who speaks for the climate? Making sense of media reporting on climate change. Cambridge University Press.
Bryant, A., & Charmaz, K. (Eds.). (2007). The SAGE handbook of grounded theory. SAGE Publications.
Bullock, A., Cosgrove, W., van der Hoek, W., & Winpenny, J. (2009). Getting out of the box–linking water to decisions for sustainable development. In World Water Assessment Programme (Ed.), The United Nations world water development report 3: Water in a changing world (pp. 3–24). UNESCO & Earthscan.
Charmaz, K. (2006). Constructing grounded theory. SAGE Publications.
Choi, I., Shin, H., Nguyen, T., & Tenhunen, J. (2017). Water policy reforms in South Korea: A historical review and ongoing challenges for sustainable water governance and management. In Water, 9(9), 717. https://doi.org/10.3390/w9090717
Collier, D. (2011). Understanding Process Tracing. APSC, 44(04), 823–830. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049096511001429
Creswell, J. W. (1998). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five traditions. Sage Publications.
Denzin, N. K. (1970). The research act. A theoretical introduction to sociological methods.
Depietri, Y., & McPhearson, T. (2017). Integrating the Grey, Green, and blue in cities: Nature-based solutions for climate change adaptation and risk reduction. In N. Kabisch, H. Korn, J. Stadler, & A. Bonn (Eds.), Nature-based solutions to climate change adaptation in urban areas. Theory and practice of urban sustainability transitions. Springer.
Deutschländer, T., & Mächel, H. (2017). Temperatur inklusive Hitzewellen. In G. P. Brasseur, D. Jacob, & S. Schuck-Zöller (Eds.), Klimawandel in Deutschland (pp. 48–56). Springer.
Dieperink, C., Hegger, D. L. T., Bakker, M. H. N., Kundzewicz, Z. W., Green, C., & Driessen, P. P. J. (2016). Recurrent governance challenges in the implementation and alignment of flood risk management strategies: A review. Water Resources Management, 30(13), 4467–4481. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-016-1491-7
Driessen, P. P. J., Hegger, D. L. T., Bakker, M. H. N., van Rijswick, H. F. M. W., & Kundzewicz, Z. W. (2016). Toward more resilient flood risk governance. E&S, 21(4). https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-08921-210453
Dupuis, J., & Biesbroek, R. (2013). Comparing apples and oranges: The dependent variable problem in comparing and evaluating climate change adaptation policies. Global Environmental Change, 23(6), 1476–1487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.07.022
Eakin, H., & Lemos, M. C. (2006). Adaptation and the state: Latin America and the challenge of capacity-building under globalization. Global Environmental Change, 16, 7–18.
Ehrenstein, C. (2013, July 25). Deiche oder Auen? Das ist hier die Frage. Welt. https://www.welt.de/politik/deutschland/article118390294/Deiche-oder-Auen-Das-ist-hier-die-Frage.html
Eisenhardt, K. M. (1989). Building theories from case study research. The Academy of Management Review, 14(4), 532–550.
EIU. (2018). Democracy index 2017: Free speech under attack. The Economist Intelligence Unit Limited.
Eriksen, S., Nightingale, A. J., & Eakin, H. (2015). Reframing adaptation. The political nature of climate change adaptation. Global Environmental Change, 35, 523–533. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2015.09.014
European Commission. (2009). White paper: Adapting to climate change: Towards a European framework for action.
European Environment Agency. (2014). National adaptation policy processes in European countries–2014. Edited by European Environment Agency.
Facts about Germany. (2021). Political system. Retrieved December 23, 2021, from https://www.tatsachen-ueber-deutschland.de/en/politics-germany/political-system
Federal Government. (2015). Fortschrittsbericht zur Deutschen Anpassungsstrategie an den Klimawandel. The Federal Government.
Fielding, N., & Fielding, J. (1986). Linking data. SAGE.
Fischer, F. (2003). Reframing public policy. Oxford University Press.
Firus, K., Fleischhauer, M., Greiving, S., Grifoni, P., & Stickler, T. (2011). Planning and implementing communication and public participation processes in flood risk management. Retrieved March 27, 2020, from https://issuu.com/patri-cnr/docs/planning_comm_particip_floodrisk
Flick, U. (2007). Managing quality in quantitative research. SAGE.
Ford, J. D., Berrang-Ford, L., & Paterson, J. (2011). A systematic review of observed climate change adaptation in developed nations. Climatic Change, 106(2), 327–336. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-011-0045-5
Frendreis, J. P. (1983). Explanation of variation and detection of covariation. Comparative Political Studies, 16(2), 255–272. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414083016002006
Fünfgeld, H. & McEvoy, D. (2014). Frame Divergence in climate change adaptation policy. Insights from Australian local government planning. Environ Plann C Gov Policy, 32 (4), 603–622. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1068/c1234.
Füssel, H. M. (2007). Adaptation planning for climate change: Concepts, assessment approaches, and key lessons. Sustainability Science, 2, 265–275.
George, A. L., & Bennett, A. (2005). Case studies and theory development in the social sciences. MIT Press.
Gerring, J. (2004). What is a case study and what is it good for? The American Political Science Review, 98(2), 341–354.
Gibbs, G. (2007). Analyzing qualitative data. SAGE.
Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory. Aldine Publishing.
Global Water Partnership. (2011). What is IWRM? Retrieved February 8, 2020, from https://www.gwp.org/en/GWP-CEE/about/why/what-is-iwrm/
Gralepois, M., Larrue, C., Wiering, M., Crabbé, A., Tapsell, S., Mees, H., Ek, K., & Szwed, M. (2016). Is flood defense changing in nature? Shifts in the flood defense strategy in six European countries. Ecology and Society, 21(4), 37.
Greiving, S., & Fleischhauer, M. (2012). National Climate Change Adaptation Strategies of European states from a spatial planning and development perspective. European Planning Studies, 20(1), 27–48. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2011.638493
Grothmann, T., & Patt, A. (2005). Adaptive capacity and human cognition: The process of individual adaptation to climate change. Global Environmental Change, 15(3), 199–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2005.01.002
Hallegatte, S. (2009). Strategies to adapt to an uncertain climate change. Global Environmental Change, 19, 240–247.
Han, Y. (2016). Miracle from the Rhein to the Han River: Heavy industrialisation of South Korea and its social consequences under Park Chung Hee. PhD. Lancaster University. Retrieved October 16, 2019, from https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/79039/
Han, Y.-H., & Lee, T.-G. (2006). Comparative study of the system for decentralized rainwater Management in Korea and Germany. Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture, 34(4), 84–95. Retrieved March 22, 2020, from http://ocean.kisti.re.kr/downfile/volume/kila/JGHHBR/2006/v34n4s117/JGHHBR_2006_v34n4s117_84.pdf
Hawkins, D. (2009). Case Studies. In T. Landman & N. Robinson (Eds.), Sage handbook of comparative politics (pp. 50–66). SAGE Publications.
Hegger, D. L. T., Driessen, P. P. J., Wiering, M., van Rijswick, H. F. M. W., Kundzewicz, Z. W., Matczak, P., et al. (2016). Toward more flood resilience: Is a diversification of flood risk management strategies the way forward? E&S, 21(4). https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-08854-210452
Hong, J. (2008). Is the Korean Grand Canal project economically feasible? Korean Society of Environment and Ecology.
Huitema, D., & Meijerink, S. (2009). Water policy entrepreneurs. Edward Elgar.
Huitema, D., & Meijerink, S. (2010). Realizing water transitions. The role of policy entrepreneurs in water policy change. Ecology and Society, 15(2).
Huntjens, P., Pahl-Wostl, C., Rihoux, B., Schlüter, M., Flachner, Z., Susana, N., et al. (2011). Adaptive water management and policy learning in a changing climate. A formal comparative analysis of eight water management regimes in Europe, Africa and Asia. Env. Pol. Gov., 21(3), 145–163. https://doi.org/10.1002/eet.571
Ingram, H. (2011). Beyond universal remedies for good water governance. In A. Garrido & H. M. Ingram (Eds.), Water for food in a changing world (pp. 241–261). Routledge.
International Commission on Large Dams. (2019). Number of dams by country members. Retrieved January 3, 2020, from https://www.icold-cigb.org/article/GB/world_register/general_synthesis/number-of-dams-by-country-members
IPCC. (2014). Climate change 2014: Impacts, adaptation and vulnerability, volume 2, regional aspects. Cambridge University Press.
IPCC. (2021). In V. Masson Delmotte, P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S. L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M. I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J. B. R. Matthews, T. K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, & B. Zhou (Eds.), Summary for policymakers. In climate change 2021: The physical science basis. Contribution of working group I to the sixth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. Cambridge University Press. In Press.
Jeon, H. J., & Kim, J. S. (2012). Effects of message sidedness on credibility of the message and attitude toward the conflict issue. Journal of Public Relations, 16(2), 5–31.
Johnson, C. (1982). MITI and the Japanese miracle. Stanford University Press.
Jones, M. E. (1993). Origins of the east German environmental movement. In German Studies Review, 16 (2), p. 235. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1431647.
Juhola, S., Keskitalo, E., Carina, H., & Westerhoff, L. (2011). Understanding the framings of climate change adaptation across multiple scales of governance in Europe. Environmental Politics, 20(4), 445–463. https://doi.org/10.1080/09644016.2011.589571
Jung, H., Lee, K., Jung, H., Kim, T., Chu, J., & Jeon, D. (Eds.). (2014). Korean environmental policy. Environment and Civilization.
Kaczmarek, Z., Amell, N. W., & Stakhiv, E. Z. (1996). Water resources management. In R. T. Watson, M. C. Zinyowera, & R. H. Moss (Eds.), Climate change 1995. Impacts, adaptations and mitigation of climate change: Scientific-technical analyses. Contribution of working group II to the second assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. 469, Cambridge University Press.
Kaika, M. (2003). The water framework directive: A new directive for a changing social, political and economic European framework. European Planning Studies, 11(3), 299–316. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654310303640
Kang, Y. H., Dieperink, C., & Hegger, D. (2022). Policy translation and dynamics: The role of Dutch ideas in developing South Korea’s coastal management policies. Ocean & Coastal Management, 221.
KFEM. (2009). Ten truths about the four rivers project. Retrieved April 23, 2020, from http://kfem.or.kr/?p=2357
Kim, C. S. (2010). An evaluation on 4 Major River restoration project: The probabilities of excluding policy errors. Korean Public Administration Quarterly, 22(4), 1041–1066.
Kang, J. (2012). The history of dam building in Korea: Korea national committee on large dams. Retrieved February 4, 2020, from http://www.kncold.or.kr/ds_imgs/sub04/40/266.pdf
Kim, H.-R. (2011). Review of water management Laws and Recommendations. Public Land Law Review, 52.
Kim, Y. S., & Mayer, M. (2013). A comparative study of the energy policy making of South Korea and Germany: With focused to hermeneutic methodology. Journal of Korean Association for Comparative Government, 17(1), 95–124.
Korea Meteorological Administration. (2014). Korean climate change assessment report 2014. KMA.
Korea Meteorological Administration. (2017). Climate change projection report in the Korean peninsula for the new climate regime. KMA.
Kunz, M., Mohr, S., & Werner, P. C. (2017). Niederschlag. In G. P. Brasseur, D. Jacob, & S. Schuck-Zöller (Eds.), Klimawandel in Deutschland (Vol. 42, pp. 57–66). Springer.
Korea.net. (2020). Constitution and government. Retrieved 2 January, 2022, from https://www.korea.net/Government/Constitution-and-Government/Executive-Legislature-Judiciary
Kvale, S. (2007). Doing interviews. SAGE.
Let us prepare the ground for prosperity by austerity and diligence. (1961, January 1). Kyunghyang Shinmun.
Lee, S.-H. (2010). Evaluation over the legitimacy of 4 Major River project of Korea with the viewpoint of principle of integrated water management. ECO, 14(1), 63–96.
Lesnikowski, A., Ford, J., Biesbroek, R., Berrang-Ford, L., & Heymann, S. J. (2016). National-level progress on adaptation. Nature Clim Change, 6(3), 261–264. https://doi.org/10.1038/NCLIMATE2863
Lim, J. H., & Tang, S.-Y. (2002). Democratization and environmental policy-making in Korea. Governance, 15(4), 561–582. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0491.00201
Lindseth, G. (2005). Local level adaptation to climate change: Discursive strategies in the Norwegian context. Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning, 7(1), 61–84. https://doi.org/10.1080/15239080500251908
Mattoni, A. (2014). The potentials of grounded theory in the study of social movements. In D. Della Porta (Ed.), Methodological practices in social movement research (pp. 21–42). Oxford University Press.
Mertz, O., Halsnaes, K., Olesen, J. E., & Rasmussen, K. (2009). Adaptation to climate change in developing countries. Environmental Management, 43(5), 743–752. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-008-9259-3
Meijerink, S., & Huitema, D. (2010). Policy entrepreneurs and change strategies: Lessons from sixteen case studies of water transitions around the globe. Ecology and Society, 15(2).
Mills, J., Bonner, A., & Francis, K. (2006). The development of constructivist grounded theory. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 5(1), 25–35.
Milly, P. C. D., Betancourt, J., Falkenmark, M., Hirsch, R. M., Kundzewicz, Z. W., Lettenmaier, D. P., & Stouffer, R. J. (2008). Climate change. Stationarity is dead: Whither water management? Science, 319(5863), 573–574. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1151915
Ministry of Environment. (2010). Three decades of environmental policies in Korea. Ministry of Environment.
Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs. (2009). Masterplan for four Rivers. Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs.
Mosello, B. (2015). How to Deal with climate change? Springer International Publishing.
Moser, S. C., & Ekstrom, J. A. (2010). A framework to diagnose barriers to climate change adaptation. PNAS, 107(51), 22026–22031.
Moss, T., & Newig, J. (2010). Multilevel water governance and problems of scale: Setting the stage for a broader debate. Environmental Management, 46, 1–6.
Nightingale, A. (2017). Power and politics in climate change adaptation efforts: Struggles over authority and recognition in the context of political instability. Geoforum, 84, 11–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2017.05.011
OECD. (2013). Water and climate change adaptation. IWA Publishing.
O’Gorman, P. A., & Schneider, T. (2009). The physical basis for increases in precipitation extremes in simulations of 21st-century climate change. In Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 106(35), 14773–14777. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0907610106
Pahl-Wostl, C. (2015). Water governance in the face of global change. Springer International Publishing.
Pahl-Wostl, C., Holtz, G., Kastens, B., & Knieper, C. (2010). Analyzing complex water governance regimes: The management and transition framework. Environmental Science and Policy, 13, 571–581.
Park, C.-K. (2009). Some problems of the Green growth policy and the project saving the four Major Rivers. E&S, 83, 117–360.
Pelling, M. (2011). Adaptation to climate change. Routledge.
Perini, K. (2017). Green and blue infrastructure in cities. In K. Perini & P. Sabbion (Eds.), Urban sustainability and river restoration (Vol. 14, pp. 1–9). John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Pittock, J. (2011). National climate change policies and sustainable water management conflicts and synergies. E&S 16.
Plate, E. (2002). Flood risk and flood management. Journal of Hydrology, 267(1–2), 2–11.
Przeworski, A., & Teune, H. (1970). The logic of comparative social inquiry. John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Ragin, C. C., & Rubinson, C. (2009). The distinctiveness of comparative research. In T. Landman & N. Robinson (Eds.), Sage handbook of comparative politics (pp. 13–34). SAGE Publications.
Risbey, J. S. (2008). The new climate discourse: Alarmist or alarming? Global Environmental Change, 18(1), 26–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2007.06.003
Saldaña, J. (2016). The coding manual for qualitative researchers. SAGE.
Schmidt, V. A. (2010). Taking ideas and discourse seriously: Explaining change through discursive institutionalism as the fourth ‘new institutionalism’. Eur. Pol. Sci. Rev., 2(01), 1. https://doi.org/10.1017/S175577390999021X
Schreurs, M., & Papadakis, E. (2020). Historical dictionary of the Green movement. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
Scitovsky, T. (1985). Economic development in Taiwan and South Korea: 1965-81. Food Research Institute Studies, 19(3).
Scoones, I., Leach, M., & Newell, P. (2015). The politics of green transformations. Routledge.
Shafik, N. (1994). Economic development and environmental quality: An econometric analysis. Oxford Economic Papers, 46(4), 757.
Smith, L. A., & Stern, N. (2011). Uncertainty in science and its role in climate policy. Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences, 369(1956), 4818–4841. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2011.0149
Smit, B., & Wandel, J. (2006). Adaptation, adaptive capacity and vulnerability. Global Environmental Change, 16, 282–292.
Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. M. (1990). Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques. SAGE Publications.
Strauss, G., Leyser, K. J. et al. (2019). Germany. Retrieved October 16, 2019, from https://www.britannica.com/place/Germany
Tanaka, S. K., Zhu, T., Lund, J. R., et al. (2006). Climate warming and water management adaptation for California. Climatic Change, 76, 361–387.
The World Factbook 2017. (2017). Central intelligence agency. Retrieved September 8, 2019, from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2001rank.html
Thieken, A. H., Kienzler, S., Kreibich, H., Kuhlicke, C., Kunz, M., Mühr, B., et al. (2016). Review of the flood risk management system in Germany after the major flood in 2013. E&S, 21(2). https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-08547-210251
Timmermans, S., & Tavory, I. (2012). Theory construction in qualitative research. Sociological Theory, 30(3), 167–186. https://doi.org/10.1177/0735275112457914
Trenberth, K. E. (2011). Changes in precipitation with climate change. Climate Research, 47(1), 123–138. https://doi.org/10.3354/cr00953
Trottier, J. (2004). Introduction. In J. Trottier & P. Slack (Eds.), Managing water resources past and present (pp. 1–12). Oxford University Press.
Uekötter, F. (2014). The greenest nation? A new history of German environmentalism. The MIT Press.
UNFCCC. (2018). Adaptation plans and strategies. Retrieved January 21, 2020, from https://www4.unfccc.int/sites/NAPC/Pages/adaptation-plans-and-strategies.aspx
UNFCCC. (2019). Seventh National Communications–Annex I. Retrieved January 21, 2020, from https://unfccc.int/process-and-meetings/transparency-and-reporting/reporting-and-review-under-the-convention/national-communications-and-biennial-reports-annex-i-parties/seventh-national-communications-annex-i
Vogel, M. M., Zscheischler, J., Wartenburger, R., Dee, D., & Seneviratne, S. I. (2019). Concurrent 2018 hot extremes across northern hemisphere due to human-induced climate change. Earth’s Future, 7(7), 692–703. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EF001189
Wagemann, C. (2014). Qualitative comparative analysis (QCA). In D. Delta Porta (Ed.), Methodological practices in social movement research (pp. 43–66). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198719571.003.0003
Weale, A. (1993). Ecological modernisation and the integration of European environmental policy. In J. D. Liefferink, P. Lowe, & A. P. J. Mol (Eds.), European integration and environmental policy. Belhaven.
Wilby, R. L., & Dessai, S. (2010). Robust adaptation to climate change. Weather, 65(7), 180–185. https://doi.org/10.1002/wea.543
Wilhite, D. A., Sivakumar, M. V. K., & Pulwarty, R. (2014). Managing drought risk in a changing climate: The role of national drought policy. Weather and Climate Extremes, 3, 4–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wace.2014.01.002
Wise, R. M., Fazey, I., Stafford Smith, M., Park, S. E., Eakin, H. C., van Archer Garderen, E. R. M., & Campbell, B. (2014). Reconceptualising adaptation to climate change as part of pathways of change and response. Global Environmental Change, 28, 325–336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.12.002
World Bank. (2019). Population density (people per sq. km of land area). Retrieved January 3, 2020, from https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.POP.DNST?year_high_desc=true
Wurzel, R. (2002). Environmental policy-making in Britain, Germany and the European Union. The Europeanisation of air and water pollution control. Manchester University Press.
Yeom, Kwanghee (2014). Comparative Study on the conflict in RE facility siting in Korea and Germany. In Environmental law and policy 13. Retrieved March 22, 2020, from http://cls.kangwon.ac.kr/data/file/sub41/1917250875_a00d539d_13_7_BFB0B1A4C8F1.pdf
Yun, S.-J., & Lee, D.-H. (2010). Agenda setting and frame of TV news about 4 Major Rivers project in Korea. ECO, 14(1), 7–62.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kang, Y.h. (2022). The Political Dimension of Water Management in the Face of Climate Change. In: Climate Change Adaptation in River Management. Palgrave Studies in Water Governance: Policy and Practice. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10486-2_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10486-2_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-10485-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-10486-2
eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)