Abstract
Drs. Medrado and Cabral employ content analysis and observation to investigate the dominant themes on the Facebook pages of Brazil’s Federal Government and of São Paulo State. They compare how economic and health issues relating to the pandemic are addressed in these two—Federal and State—levels of government. The chapter refers to notions of “uncivil society” and “necropolitics,” analyzing how these emerge in a context of accelerated neoliberal reforms. The findings demonstrate that the Federal Government focused on economic measures while there was little coverage of health issues, such as prevention, guidance, and vaccines. In contrast, the State of São Paulo had a predominance of posts about vaccination. Both campaigns were perceived as permanent campaigning strategies rather than as catering for citizens’ needs.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
See: https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/country/brazil/
- 2.
25 February 2022
- 3.
This was the case because many debates revolved around the need to stop police operations in the favelas during the pandemic. Favela activist groups, such as Coletivo Papo Reto, analyzed in our previous study, demonstrated that people were dying of COVID-19 and hunger. They should be spared the police brutality and the killing of innocent people, which often characterises these police operations in favela areas.
- 4.
Out of these 12 posts, 6 posts were coded as “prevention and guidance” only, while 6 fell into the prevention category but also mentioned vaccines, thus they were counted in both categories (“prevention and guidance,” and “vaccines”).
- 5.
Two of these posts were coded in ro categories “reports/accountability” and “prevention/guidance”; three of them were coded in three categories, “reports/accountability” and “vaccines,” and one was coded as “reports/accountability” only.
- 6.
See original posts here: https://www.facebook.com/governosp/posts/10160163013228653. A summarized translation from Portuguese could be: “The State of São Paulo is acquiring two million rapid antigen test kits for COVID-19. With an investment of 12 million Reais, this initiative aims to increase testing and monitoring for COVID-19 cases. Preliminary data before the end of December shows that São Paulo has performed 22.4 million tests during the pandemic, becoming the State with the highest number of tests in Brazil.”
References
Barbara, V. (2022, February 7). The Brazilian President's latest sabotage efforts have failed. The New York Times. Retrieved February 24, 2022, from https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/07/opinion/bolsonaro-brazil-vaccines-kids.html
Bardin, L. (1977). L'Analyse du contenu. Presses Universitaires de France.
BBC News Latin America. (2016, August 31). Brazil impeachment: Key questions. BBC News Latin America. Retrieved February 20, 2022, from https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-36028117
Blumenthal, S. (1980). The permanent campaign: Inside the world of elite political operatives. Beacon Press.
Boadle, A. (2022, January 7). Brazil reports rise in new COVID-19 infections as omicron variant spreads. Reuters. Retrieved February 24, 2022, from https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/brazil-reports-rise-new-covid-19-infections-omicron-variant-spreads-2022-01-07/
Bowman, K. (2000). Polling to campaign and to govern. In N. Ornstein & T. Mann (Eds.), The permanent campaign and its future (pp. 54–74). Brookings Institution Press.
Bradshaw, A., Treise, D., Shelton, S., Cretul, M., Raisa, A., Bajalia, A., & Peek, D. (2020). Propagandising anti-vaccination: Analysis of vaccines revealed documentary series. Vaccine, 38, 2058–2069. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.12.027
Brazil’s Presidency (2022, February 2). Mensagem ao Congresso Nacional. Brasília; Presidência da República do Brasil. Retrieved February 25, 2022 from https://www.gov.br/planalto/pt-br/mensagempresidencial/2022/0iniciomcn2022.pdf
Carter, M. (2013). The hermeneutics of frames and framing: An examination of the media’s construction of reality. SAGE Open, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244013487915
Coman, I., Elsheikh, D., Gregor, M., Lilleker, D., & Novelli, E. (2021). Introduction: Political communication, governance and rhetoric in times of crisis. In D. Lilleker, I. Coman, M. Gregor, & E. Novelli (Eds.), Political communication and COVID-19: Governance and rhetoric in times of crisis. Routledge.
Da Silveira, A. S. (2018, December). Comunicação e destruição dos parâmetros de realidade. Revista Socialismo & Liberdade, 23, 29–32.
Deutsche Welle, (2016, October 11). In Victory for Temer, Brazilian Lawmakers Pass 20-Year Spending Cap. Reuters. Retrieved February 24, 2022, from https://www.dw.com/en/in-victory-for-temer-brazilian-lawmakers-pass-20-year-spending-cap/a-36011604
Entman, R. (1993). Framing toward classification of a fractured paradigm. Journal of Communication, 43(4), 51–58.
Fallis, D. (2015). What is disinformation? Library Trends, 63(3), 401–426. https://doi.org/10.1353/lib.2015.0014
Furlan, L., & Caramelli, B. (2021). The regrettable story of the covid kit and the early treatment of COVID-19 in Brazil. The Lancet Regional Health Americas, 4, 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lana.2021.100089
Glasper, E. A. (2021). Reducing the impact of anti-vaccine propaganda on family health. Comprehensive Child and Adolescent Nursing, 44(2), 79–85. https://doi.org/10.1080/24694193.2021.1912988
Guedes, O. (2021, April 27). CPI da Covid: Governo Bolsonaro Recusou 11 Vezes Ofertas para Compras de Vacina. Globo G1. Retrieved February 25, 2022, from https://g1.globo.com/politica/blog/octavio-guedes/post/2021/04/27/cpi-da-covid- governo-bolsonaro-recusou-11-vezes-ofertas-para-compras-de-vacina.ghtml
Hayes, A. F., & Krippendorff, K. (2007). Answering the call for a standard reliability measures for coding data. Communication Methods and Measures, 1(1), 77–89.
Jack, C. (2017). Lexicon of lies: Terms for problematic information. Retrieved February 27 from https://datasociety.net/pubs/oh/DataAndSociety_LexiconofLies.pdf
Joathan, I. (2020). Campanha Permanente Quase Sempre, Futebol Quando Convém: Uma Análise dos Congressistas Ligados à Bancada da Bola na 55 Legislatura, Ph.D. Thesis. Niterói, Universidade Federal Fluminense.
Joathan, I., Medrado, A., & Medeiros, T. (2021). Brazil: More than just a little flu. In D. Lilleker, I. Coman, M. Gregor, & E. Novelli (Eds.), Political communication and COVID-19: Governance and rhetoric in times of crisis. Routledge.
Kahn, L. (2020). Who’s in charge? Leadership during epidemics. Bioterror attacks, and other public health crises. Praeger Security International.
Kozinets, R. (1998). On Netnography: Initial reflections on consumer investigations of cyberculture. In J. Alba & W. Hutchinson (Eds.), Advances in consumer research (Vol. 25, pp. 366–371). Association for Consumer Research.
La, V., Pham, T., Ho, M., Nguyen, M., Nguyen, K., Vuong, T., Nguyen, H., Tran, T., Khuc, Q., Ho, M., & Vuong, Q. (2020). Policy response, social media and science journalism for the sustainability of the public health system amid the COVID-19 outbreak: The Vietnam lessons. Sustainability, 12(2931), 377–398.
Lalancette, M., & Raynauld, V. (2019). The power of political image: Justin Trudeau, Instagram and celebrity politics. American Behavioral Scientist, 63(7), 888–924.
License Global (2021, June 25). The top global licensors 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2022, from https://www.licenseglobal.com/rankings-and-lists/top-150-leading-licensors
Mbembe, A. (2003). Necropolitics. Public Culture, 15(1), 11–40. https://read.dukeupress.edu/public-culture/article-abstract/15/1/11/31714/Necropolitics
Mello, P. (2018, October 18). Empresários Bancam Campanha Contra o PT pelo WhatsApp. Folha de São Paulo. Retrieved June 28, 2022, from https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/poder/2018/10/empresarios-bancam-campanha-contra-o-pt-pelo-whatsapp.shtml
Mendoza, J. (2021, November 26). Intentions to get the coronavirus (COVID-19) Vaccine in Brazil and Mexico in October 2020 and January 2021. Retrieved February 27, 2022 from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1200489/latin-america-attitudes-covid-19-vaccine/
Meredith, S. (2018). Who is the trump of the tropics? Brazil’s Divisive New President, Jair Bolsonaro—In His Own Words. CNBC. Retrieved February 20, 2022, from https://www.cnbc.com/2018/10/29/brazil-election-jair-bolsonaros-most-controversial-quotes.html
Navarro, J. G. (2020). Social media usage in Brazil – Statistics & facts. Retrieved February 27, 2022, from https://www-statista-com.uow.idm.oclc.org/topics/6949/social-media-usage-in-brazil/
Oliveira, T. (2022). Scientific disinformation in times of epistemic crisis: Circulation of conspiracy theories on social media platforms. Online Media Global Communication, 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1515/omgc-2022-0005
Reuters (2021, April 21). São Paulo Governor Dória Wants to Run For President in Brazil’s 2022 Vote. Reuters. Retrieved February 27, 2022, from https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/sao-paulo-governor-doria-wants-run-president-brazils-2022-vote-2021-04-20/
Ribeiro, G. (2017, October 24). São Paulo’s Mayor: A marketing expert with a laundry list of Faux Pas? The Brazilian Report. Retrieved February, 27, 2022, from https://brazilian.report/power/2017/10/24/sao-paulos-mayor-doria-pellet-faux-pas/
Ricard, J., & Medeiros, J. (2020). Using misinformation as a political weapon: COVID-19 and Bolsonaro in Brazil. Harvard Kennedy School of Misinformation Review, 1(2), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.37016/mr-2020-013
Russmann, U., Svensson, J., & Larsson, A. O. (2019). Political parties and their pictures: Visual communication on Instagram in Swedish and Norwegian election campaigns. In A. Veneti, D. Jackson, & D. Lilleker (Eds.), Visual Political Communication. Palgrave Macmillan.
Sodré, M. (2021). A Sociedade Incivil: Mídia, Iliberalismo e Finanças. Editora Vozes.
Time (2020, April 06). Brazil's President still insists the coronavirus is overblown. These governors are fighting back. Retrieved February 27, 2022, from https://time.com/5816243/brazil-jair-bolsonaro-coronavirus-governors/
Wardle, C., & Derakhshan, H. (2017). Information disorder: Towards an interdisciplinary framework for research and policy-making, Council of Europe. Retrieved February, 27, 2022, from https://rm.coe.int/information-disorder-toward-an-interdisciplinary-framework-for-researc/168076277c
Weber, R. (2011). Basic content analysis. Sage Publications. Online edition. Retrieved June 28, 2022 from https://methods.sagepub.com/book/basic-content-analysis
Worldometers. (2022). Brazil coronavirus cases. Retrieved June 28, 2022, from https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/country/brazil/
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Medrado, A., Cabral, A. (2022). Contrasting Federal and State Government Communication on Facebook in Brazil: Contradictory Messages and Realities. In: Maarek, P.J. (eds) Manufacturing Government Communication on Covid-19 . Springer Studies in Media and Political Communication. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09230-5_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09230-5_9
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-09229-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-09230-5
eBook Packages: Political Science and International StudiesPolitical Science and International Studies (R0)