Conclusion

Abstract

China’s government promotes a historical and cultural experience of development policies through the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) despite its provocative nature. China’s government, its political leadership, global diasporas, and Chinese citizens reinvent new types of economic globalization. Such globalization manifests in various manners ranging from financial and normative ambitions to global socio-cultural behaviours. In particular, agricultural workers, farmers, engineers, entrepreneurs, Chinese traders and citizens, policymakers, experts, municipalities, and cities support state councils and governments, both the bottom-up and top-down transnational activities, and from home and host societies. China’s global BRI policies are provided with many technical projects, including modernizing local-scale economic activities and engineering. However, the offered cultural knowledge in these development policies, including the tasks to put in the creation of Special Economic Zones in countries such as Laos, show evidence of the Chinese constructed intention to colonize the world strategically.