The Role of Glycated Albumin as a Biomarker of Glycemic Control in Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease

Raghubeer, Shanel; Matshazi, Don M.; Motshwari, Dipuo D.; Weale, Cecil J.; Erasmus, Rajiv T.; Matsha, Tandi E.

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-08014-2_61

Shanel Raghubeer⁵^na1,
Don M. Matshazi⁵^na1,
Dipuo D. Motshwari⁵^na1,
Cecil J. Weale⁵^na1,
Rajiv T. Erasmus⁵^na1 &
…
Tandi E. Matsha⁵^na1

Part of the book series: Biomarkers in Disease: Methods, Discoveries and Applications ((BDMDA))

1075 Accesses

Abstract

Albumin is the most abundant protein found in plasma and constitutes approximately 60% of all proteins in the blood. This high molecular weight protein maintains the pH balance and osmotic pressure of blood. Albumin transports metabolic products and performs antioxidant functions. Glycated albumin (GA) is produced during the glycation of proteins and constitutes 80% of glycation reactions in plasma. GA has become useful in the monitoring of blood glucose levels and is often used with glycated hemoglobin measurements. The measurement of GA is favored in patients with hemoglobinopathies or those receiving dialysis. This chapter will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of GA use, including its role in diabetes control and in diabetes-associated complications.

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Abbreviations

ADA:: American Diabetes Association
AGEs:: Advanced glycation end products
BMI:: Body mass index
CGM:: Continuous glucose monitoring
CKD:: Chronic kidney disease
CVD:: Cardiovascular diseases
DKD:: Diabetic kidney disease
DM:: Diabetes mellitus
ESKD:: End-stage kidney disease
FDA:: Federal Drug Association
GA:: Glycated albumin
GFR:: Glomerular filtration rate
HbA1c:: Glycated hemoglobin
HPLC:: High-performance liquid chromatography
ICAM-1:: Intracellular adhesion molecule 1
IDF:: International Diabetes Federation
kDa:: Kilodaltons
LMICs:: Low-to-middle-income countries
OGTT:: Oral glucose tolerance test
RBC:: Red blood cell
RI:: Reference interval
ROS:: Reactive oxygen species
T1DM:: Type 1 diabetes mellitus
T2DM:: Type 2 diabetes mellitus
VCAM-1:: Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1

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Shanel Raghubeer, Don M. Matshazi, Dipuo D. Motshwari and Cecil J. Weale contributed equally with all other contributors.

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SAMRC/CPUT Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, South Africa
Shanel Raghubeer, Don M. Matshazi, Dipuo D. Motshwari, Cecil J. Weale, Rajiv T. Erasmus & Tandi E. Matsha

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Shanel Raghubeer
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Don M. Matshazi
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Dipuo D. Motshwari
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Cecil J. Weale
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Rajiv T. Erasmus
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Tandi E. Matsha
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Correspondence to Shanel Raghubeer .

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School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK
Vinood B. Patel
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
Victor R. Preedy

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Raghubeer, S., Matshazi, D.M., Motshwari, D.D., Weale, C.J., Erasmus, R.T., Matsha, T.E. (2023). The Role of Glycated Albumin as a Biomarker of Glycemic Control in Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease. In: Patel, V.B., Preedy, V.R. (eds) Biomarkers in Diabetes. Biomarkers in Disease: Methods, Discoveries and Applications. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08014-2_61

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