Biological Markers of Insulin Sensitivity Links with Dietary Antioxidant

Bohórquez-Medina, Andrea Lisbet; Bohórquez-Medina, Sofía Lorena; Benites-Zapata, Vicente Aleixandre

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-08014-2_10

Andrea Lisbet Bohórquez-Medina PhD⁵,
Sofía Lorena Bohórquez-Medina PhD⁵ &
Vicente Aleixandre Benites-Zapata PhD(c)⁵

Part of the book series: Biomarkers in Disease: Methods, Discoveries and Applications ((BDMDA))

1075 Accesses

Abstract

Obesity plays an essential role in developing chronic conditions such as metabolic syndrome (MetS), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and T2DM, due to an increase in free radicals, insulin resistance, and disruption in beta cells activity. The increase of triglyceride storage in adipose tissue due to obesity results in adipocyte hypertrophy, in which infiltrated macrophages, enhancing the pro-inflammatory state. Both hepatokines and adipokines are involved in central and peripheral energy metabolism, immune response, insulin sensitivity, and lipid metabolism. Moreover, vitamins and minerals exert cytokines modulation activities, thus may be included as biomarkers, diagnose test for insulin resistance, and therapeutic targets for improving MetS, T2DM, and NAFLD. This chapter provides information on the relationship between essential micronutrient activity in insulin synthesis and secretion and its effects on obesity-related chronic conditions progression.

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Abbreviations

ANGPTL4:: Angiopoietin-like protein 4
DPP4:: Dipeptidyl peptidase – 4
Fetuin A/B:: α2-Heremans-Schmid glycoprotein
FGF21:: Fibroblast growth factor-21
GLP-1:: Glucagon-like peptide-1
HMGB1:: High mobility group box 1
PPAR-α/RXR:: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha/retinoic acid receptor
RBP4:: Retinol-binding protein 4

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Unidad de Investigación para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru
Andrea Lisbet Bohórquez-Medina PhD, Sofía Lorena Bohórquez-Medina PhD & Vicente Aleixandre Benites-Zapata PhD(c)

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Andrea Lisbet Bohórquez-Medina PhD
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Sofía Lorena Bohórquez-Medina PhD
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Vicente Aleixandre Benites-Zapata PhD(c)
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School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK
Vinood B. Patel
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
Victor R. Preedy

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Bohórquez-Medina, A.L., Bohórquez-Medina, S.L., Benites-Zapata, V.A. (2023). Biological Markers of Insulin Sensitivity Links with Dietary Antioxidant. In: Patel, V.B., Preedy, V.R. (eds) Biomarkers in Diabetes. Biomarkers in Disease: Methods, Discoveries and Applications. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08014-2_10

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08014-2_10
Published: 30 September 2022
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-08013-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-08014-2
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