Abstract
The pan-European unified legal model of the healthcare is a system of legal norms, which are provided by the legal instruments of European unification and contain principles and decisive characteristics (determinants) of healthcare in European countries at national and international levels. These determinants combine recognized values and operative principles in the EU with principles of acceptable economic efficiency and growth of healthcare of any European country, taking into account common and distinctive features of the European countries, developed economies and countries in transition. This healthcare model should be the basic healthcare standard, setting a minimum level of healthcare for European counties, combining universal health coverage with public and private hospital and ambulatory care to secure a high level of healthcare provision. This model provides for equal participation of consumers in the payment for medical services, necessary to avoid excessive use of medical services as well as other tools of managed competition under tight control and regulation of the state, taking into account European values and principles, financial and institutional ability, mentality and other national traditions of European healthcare systems. The instruments of unification of European law should provide a common frame of reference for the pan-European unified healthcare model, which will define the basic principles, characteristics (determinants) of said unified model, principles of international policy. It should also secure the exclusive competence of national law, the interrelation of international and national healthcare policies based on the exclusivity of the competence of national law and the subsidiarity of the norms of the international healthcare law.
This chapter is prepared on the basis of the report for the Conference ‘Private Healthcare Law: Challenges and Prospects’.
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Notes
- 1.
Council Conclusions on Common values and principles in European Union Health Systems (2006) C 146/01. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:C:2006:146:0001:0003:EN:PDF.
- 2.
Chung (2017).
- 3.
Shikha (2020).
- 4.
Tanner (2008).
- 5.
Wallace (2013).
- 6.
Summary of international health systems (2011). http://caphysiciansalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/International-Comparison.pdf.
- 7.
Enthoven (1993).
- 8.
Tanner (2006).
- 9.
Tanner (2008).
- 10.
Reid (2009); Summary of international health systems (2011) http://caphysiciansalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/International-Comparison.pdf.
- 11.
Ferrera (1996).
- 12.
Andersen et al. (2007).
- 13.
Voronenko and Skorohod (2014).
- 14.
Martis and Winkhart-Martis (2014), p. 122.
- 15.
Cases (2006).
- 16.
Tanner (2008).
- 17.
Enthoven (1993).
- 18.
Lisac and Schlette (2006), Cases (2006).
- 19.
Cases (2006).
- 20.
Tanner (2008).
- 21.
Klein (2007).
- 22.
Rodwin (2003).
- 23.
Reid (2009).
- 24.
Tanner (2008).
- 25.
Andersen et al. (2007).
- 26.
Reform of Healthcare systems in Europe—harmonization of requirements for equity, quality and efficiency: recommendation of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe 1626 (2002). http://www.coe.int/T/r/Parliamentary_Assembly/%5bRussian_documents%5d/%5b2003%5d/%5bSept_2003%5d/Rec%201626%20Rus.asp#TopOfPage.
- 27.
Pronevych (2017).
- 28.
Den Exter (2002).
- 29.
Tadevosyan (2000), item 19.
- 30.
Tavedosyan (2000), items 15–20.
- 31.
Den Exter (2002).
- 32.
Art. 2 of the Treaty on European Union. The Union is founded on the values of respect for human dignity, freedom, democracy, equality, the rule of law and respect for human rights, including the rights of persons belonging to minorities. These values are common to the Member States in a society in which pluralism, non-discrimination, tolerance, justice, solidarity and equality between women and men prevail.
- 33.
Fadejkina (2014).
- 34.
Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (2012). https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A12012P%2FTXT.
- 35.
Case C-491/01 The Queen v Secretary of State for Health, ex parte British American Tobacco (Investments) Ltd and Imperial Tobacco Ltd. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:62001CJ0491&from=EN.
- 36.
The Ljubljana Charter on reforming health care in Europe of 18 June 1996. http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0012/113304/E55363R.pdf?ua=1.
- 37.
Recommendation CM/Rec (2010) 6 of the Committee of Ministers to member states on good governance in health systems. https://search.coe.int/cm/Pages/result_details.aspx?ObjectId=090000168063d340.
- 38.
Council Conclusions on Common values and principles in European Union Health Systems (2006) C 146/01, ОВ C 146, p. 1.
- 39.
Directive 2011/24/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 2011 on the application of patients’ rights in cross-border healthcar. OJ L 88, pp 45–65. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A32011L0024.
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Maydanyk, R., Маydanyk, N. (2022). Europe Towards a Unified Model of Healthcare. In: Maydanyk, R., den Exter, A., Izarova, I. (eds) Ukrainian Healthcare Law in the Context of European and International Law. European Union and its Neighbours in a Globalized World, vol 7. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05690-1_1
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