Abstract
The values of gender equality are being promoted worldwide. The importance of gender equality for sustainable development is well highlighted by the United Nations Sustainable Goal 5 which notes that the need to end all discrimination against women and girls. Nowadays, most modern scholars argue that the world has made great progress towards gender balance, however, it is far from perfect. For encouraging and empowering women to remain active in every field, it is important to raise awareness about their rights, with emphasis on the vital role of girls and women in the workforce. This is especially important for the Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) field where women are still underrepresented. This study aims to report on the materials and tools (digital and traditional) that can be used for sensitizing and raising awareness on issues related to gender-equality and women’s empowerment. On this endeavor, we collected information on existing materials used in different contexts through national consultations in Greece, Cyprus, Italy, Spain and Slovenia. The tools and materials collected uncover the various levels of gender equality material available - digital and traditional - taking into account the various facets of gender-equality and provide a comprehensive view to the wider academic and industrial community. This study is expected to provide structured knowledge on a new and rapidly developing topic and add more information to existing contour of knowledge regarding available gender-sensitive materials and tools.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Woodward, A.E.: Going for gender balance (2002)
Unistats, United Nations Stat. Div. (2020). https://unstats.un.org/home/
Omotosho, B.J.: Gender balance. In: Idowu, S.O., Capaldi, N., Zu, L., Gupta, A.D (Eds.) Encyclopedia of Corporate Social Responsibility. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 1195–1204 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28036-8_624
UNECA, Proceedings of Expert Review of the African Women’s Report, in: Addis Ababa (2009)
Kouta, C., Parmaxi, A., Smoleski, I.: Gender equality in academia, business, technology and health care: a womenpower view in Cyprus. Int. J. Caring Sci. 10, 1224–1231 (2017). www.internationaljournalofcaringsciences.org
Woetzel, J., et al.: The power of parity: advancing women’s equality in Asia pacific, Shanghai (2018). www.mckinsey.com/mgi. Accessed 26 Mar 2021
Gerson, K.: The unfinished revolution: how a new generation is reshaping family, work, and gender in America (2010)
Djerf-Pierre, M.: The difference engine: gender equality, journalism and the good society. Fem. Media Stud. 11, 43–51 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1080/14680777.2011.537026
Djerf-Pierre, M., Edstrom, M.: Comparing Gender and Media Equality across the Globe, GEM (2020). https://www.gu.se/en/research/comparing-gender-and-media-equality
Grizzle, A.: Enlisting media and informational literacy for gender equality and women’s empowerment. Media Gend. A Sch. Agenda Glob. Alliance Media Gender. 79–91 (2014)
Morna, C.: Promoting Gender Equality In And Through The Media (2002). https://caluniv.ac.in/global-mdia-journal/Documents/D.4. SOUTH AFRICA 2002.pdf
Padovani, C.: Media gender-equality regimes: exploring media organisations’ policy adoption across nations (2020)
Ross, K., Padovani, C. (eds.) Gender Equality and the Media: A Challenge for Europe - Google Books, Routledge (2016). https://books.google.com.cy/books?hl=en&lr=&id=tqauDAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Ross,+K.,+%26+Padovani,+C.(2016).+Gender+equality+and+the+media:+A+challenge+for+Europe.+Routledge.&ots=loxtdQnbsr&sig=sXpBGe6MqJKWB5JiTb8kQZEd8t0&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Ross%2CK.%2C%26Padovani%2CC (2016). Gender equality and the media%3A A challenge for Europe. Routledge.&f=false. Accessed 26 March 2021
Badaloni, S., Brondi, S., Contarello, A., Manganelli, A.: The threatened excellence. Reasoning about young women’s scientific and technological careers in Padua University, Italy. Sci. Technol. Careers Women Men. 119–136 (2011). http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&btnG=Search&q=intitle:Threatened+excellence:+Reasoning+about+young+women+'+s+scientific+and+technological+careers+in+Padua+Italy#0
Caroni, C.: Graduation and attrition of engineering students in Greece. Eur. J. Eng. Educ. 36, 63–74 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1080/03043797.2010.539676
Eurostat, (2018). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/. Accessed 26 March 2021
OECD, Women in scientific production (2013). http://www.oecd.org/gender/data/women-in-scientific-production.htm. Accessed 26 March 2021
OECD, Education at a Glance 2018. Indicator B5: Who is expected to graduate from tertiary education? 206–216 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1787/eag-2018-18-en
OECD, Key charts on education (2018). http://www.oecd.org/gender/data/education/#d.en.387789. Accessed 26 March 2021
OECD, Mathematics performance (PISA) (indicator) (2021). https://doi.org/10.1787/04711c74-en
GSGE, General Secretariat for Gender Equality (2019). https://www.isotita.gr. Accessed 3 March 2020
Oculus, Breaking Boundaries in Science (2018). https://www.oculus.com/experiences/go/1973697659322414/
Parmaxi, A., Vasiliou, C.: Communities of interest for enhancing social creativity: the case of Womenpower platform (2015)
Dawson, A.E., Bernstein, B.L., Bekki, J.M.: Providing the psychosocial benefits of mentoring to women in STEM: career WISE as an online solution. New Dir. High. Educ. 2015, 53–62 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1002/he.20142
P. International, Shashing gender stereotypes with She board app (2017). https://plan-international.org/smashing-gender-stereotypes-sheboard-app
Nevertheless, STEM role models posters (2018). https://medium.com/nevertheless-podcast/stem-role-models-posters-2404424b37dd
Lego, Women of NASA (2019). https://www.lego.com/en-gb/product/women-of-nasa-21312
Google India, Ritu Karidhal - The Rocket Woman of India | Women in STEM - YouTube (2018). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GpMWetdGS_Q&list=PL-kIBfSqQg3upn0g68pKuLBApO59lRqz5&index=12. Accessed 17 Feb 2022
Shin, J.E.L., Levy, S.R., London, B.: Effects of role model exposure on STEM and non‐STEM student engagement (2016)
Barabino, G., et al.: Solutions to gender balance in stem fields through support, training, education and mentoring: report of the international women in medical physics and biomedical engineering task group. Sci. Eng. Ethics. 26, 275–292 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/S11948-019-00097-0/TABLES/1
Bystydzienski, J.M., Eisenhart, M., Bruning, M.: High school is not too late: developing girls’ interest and engagement in engineering careers. Career Dev. Q. 63, 88–95 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-0045.2015.00097.x
Nehmeh, G., Kelly, A.: Women physicists and sociocognitive considerations in career choice and persistence. J. Women Minor. Sci. Eng. 24, 95–119 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1615/JWomenMinorScienEng.2017019867
Cabay, M., Bernstein, B.L., Rivers, M., Fabert, N.: Chilly climates, balancing acts, and shifting pathways: what happens to women in STEM doctoral programs. Soc. Sci. 7(2), 23 (2018). https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci7020023
Amon, M.J.: Looking through the glass ceiling: a qualitative study of STEM women’s career narratives. Front. Psychol. 8, 236 (2017). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00236
Kizilcec, R.F., Saltarelli, A.J.: Psychologically inclusive design cues impact women’s participation in STEM education. In: Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 1–10 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1145/3290605.3300704
Latu, I.M., Mast, M.S., Bombari, D., Lammers, J., Hoyt, C.L.: Empowering mimicry: female leader role models empower women in leadership tasks through body posture mimicry. Sex Roles 80, 11–24 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/S11199-018-0911-Y/TABLES/3
Lockwood, P., Sadler, P., Fyman, K., Tuck, S.: To do or not to do: using positive and negative role models to harness motivation. Soc. Cogn. 22, 422–450 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1521/Soco.22.4.422.38297
Nobel Prize Outreach, Women who changed the world (2022). https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/lists/nobel-prize-awarded-women/
Moss-Racusin, C.A., et al.: Reducing STEM gender bias with VIDS (Video Interventions for Diversity in STEM). J. Exp. Psychol. 24, 236–260 (2018)
Pietri, E.S., et al.: Using video to increase gender bias literacy toward women in science. Psychol. Women Q. 41, 175–196 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1177/0361684316674721
Canali, C., Moumtzi, V.: Digital girls summer camp: bridging the gender ICT divide, Institutional Chang. Gend. Equal. Res. (2019). https://edizionicafoscari.unive.it/it/edizioni/collane/scienza-e-societa/
Weber, K.: Gender differences in interest, perceived personal capacity, and participation in STEM-related activities. J. Technol. Educ. 24, 18–33 (2012). https://doi.org/10.21061/jte.v24i1.a.2
Burge, J.E., Gannod, G.C., Doyle, M., Davis, K.C.: Girls on the go: a CS summer camp to attract and inspire female high school students. In: Proceeding of the 44th ACM technical symposium on Computer science education, pp. 615–620 (2013). www.appcelerator.com. Accessed 17 Feb 2022
Banister, S., Ross, C.: Creating an engaging app development course for girls: catalyzing young women’s interest and abilities in STEM. In: Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education International Conference (2017)
Stapleton, S.C., et al.: Girls tech camp: librarians inspire adolescents to consider STEM careers. Issues Sci. Technol. Librariansh. (2019). https://doi.org/10.29173/istl22
Hughes, R.: An investigation into the longitudinal identity trajectories of women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. J. Women Minor. Sci. Eng. 21, 181–213 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1615/JWomenMinorScienEng.2015013035
Nevill, D.D., Schlecker, D.I.: The relation of selfefficacy and assertiveness to willingness to engage in traditional/nontraditional career activities. Psychol. Women Q. 12, 91–98 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1988.tb00929.x
Van Oosten, E.B., Buse, K., Bilimoria, D.: The leadership lab for women: advancing and retaining women in STEM through professional development. Front. Psychol. 8, 2138 (2017). https://doi.org/10.3389/FPSYG.2017.02138/BIBTEX
Saddiqui, S., Marcus, M.: STEAMpunk girls co-design: exploring a more integrated approach to STEM engagement for young women. In: 28th Annual Conference of the Australasian Association for Engineering Education (AAEE 2017), Australasian Association for Engineering Education (2017). https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/https://doi.org/10.3316/INFORMIT.395738434588372. Accessed 17 Feb 2022
Kim, H.: Inquiry-based science and technology enrichment program for middle school-aged female students. J. Sci. Educ. Technol. 25, 174–186 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/S10956-015-9584-2/TABLES/4
Bullough, R.V., Draper, R.J.: Making sense of a failed triad: mentors, university supervisors, and positioning theory. J. Teach. Educ. 55, 407–420 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487104269804
STEMconnector, Million Women Mentors (2020). https://www.millionwomenmentors.com/facts
Hernandez, P.R., et al.: Role modeling is a viable retention strategy for undergraduate women in the geosciences. Geosphere. 14, 2585–2593 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1130/GES01659.1
Thomas, M.: Exploring the Advancement of Women in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Executive Management Positions in the Aerospace Industry: Strategies Identified by Women That Enable Success - ProQuest, University of La Verne (2017). https://www.proquest.com/docview/1957409367?pq-origsite=gscholar&fromopenview=true. Accessed 17 Feb 2022
Eby, L.T., Allen, T.D., Evans, S.C., Ng, T., DuBois, D.L.: Does mentoring matter? a multidisciplinary meta-analysis comparing mentored and non-mentored individuals. J. Vocat. Behav. 72, 254–267 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JVB.2007.04.005
Dennehy, T.C., Dasgupta, N.: Female peer mentors early in college increase women’s positive academic experiences and retention in engineering. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 114, 5964–5969 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1073/PNAS.1613117114/-/DCSUPPLEMENTAL
Robnett, R.D., Thoman, S.E.: STEM success expectancies and achievement among women in STEM majors. J. Appl. Dev. Psychol. 52, 91–100 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.APPDEV.2017.07.003
Thomas, N., Bystydzienski, J., Desai, A.: Changing institutional culture through peer mentoring of women STEM faculty. Innov. High. Educ. 40, 143–157 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/S10755-014-9300-9/TABLES/2
Obers, N.: Career success for women academics in higher education: choices and challenges, South African. J. High. Educ. 28, 1107–1122 (2014). https://doi.org/10.10520/EJC159132
Parmaxi, A., et al.: Understanding the challenges and expectations of women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics: the academic and industrial perspective. In: 5th Annual International Technology Education Development Conference, pp. 8–9 (2021)
Acknowledgment
This work has been funded by the European Union’s Erasmus Plus programme, grant agreement: 2019–1-CY01-KA203–058407 (Project: FeSTEM). This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the European Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained there.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Christou, E., Parmaxi, A., Perifanou, M., Economides, A.A. (2022). Gender-Sensitive Materials and Tools: The Development of a Gender-Sensitive Toolbox Through National Stakeholder Consultations. In: Meiselwitz, G. (eds) Social Computing and Social Media: Design, User Experience and Impact. HCII 2022. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 13315. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05061-9_34
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05061-9_34
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-05060-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-05061-9
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)