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Petroleum Source Rocks of Egypt: An Integrated Spatio-temporal Palynological and Organic Geochemical Studies Within the Phanerozoic

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The Phanerozoic Geology and Natural Resources of Egypt

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Abstract

This chapter evaluates the integration between optical and geochemical methods as one of the best ways to screen hydrocarbon source rock potential and its diagnostic impact on kerogen investigation, in addition to its consistent involvement in paleoenvironmental inferences. While those kerogen types are usually resulting from Rock-Eval data, palynofacies and organic petrographic data deliver additional and consistent information. Rock-Eval data for samples with low to moderate TOC are mostly non-reliable due to free hydrocarbons in the mineral matrix. Consequently, palynofacies analysis represents a valuable complementary proxy for investigating the petroleum generation potential of source rocks. This chapter presents the first comprehensive review of the application of palynofacies with respect to the framework of geochemical data and the interpretations of different spatio-temporal source rock windows in Egypt. This integrated palynofacies and geochemical approach provides an improved understanding of the paleoenvironmental and petroleum source potential studies of the Phanerozoic sequences in Egypt.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are also grateful to the Egyptian General Petroleum Corporation (EGPC) and the operating companies for the provision of samples and well logs during the past ten years during which this research was conducted. The first author acknowledges the financial support from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Germany (EGY-1190326-GF-P). Insightful reviews by two anonymous referees enabled an improved presentation of this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany

    Haytham El Atfy

  2. Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt

    Haytham El Atfy

  3. Saudi Aramco, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia

    Bandar I. Ghassal

  4. Energy and Mineral Resources Group (EMR), Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Petroleum and Coal, RWTH Aachen University, 52056, Aachen, Germany

    Ralf Littke

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  1. Haytham El Atfy
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Correspondence to Haytham El Atfy or Bandar I. Ghassal .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt

    Zakaria Hamimi

  2. Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt

    Hassan Khozyem

  3. Lausanne, Switzerland

    Thierry Adatte

  4. IFP Energies Nouvelles, Rueil-Malmaison, France

    Fadi H. Nader

  5. Department of Geoscience, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Missouri, MO, USA

    Francisca Oboh-Ikuenobe

  6. Department of Geoscience, University of Texas Permian Basin, Odessa, TX, USA

    Mohamed K. Zobaa

  7. University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

    Haytham El Atfy

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El Atfy, H., Ghassal, B.I., Littke, R. (2023). Petroleum Source Rocks of Egypt: An Integrated Spatio-temporal Palynological and Organic Geochemical Studies Within the Phanerozoic. In: Hamimi, Z., et al. The Phanerozoic Geology and Natural Resources of Egypt. Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95637-0_23

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