Abstract
This chapter critically explores the relevant literature on transitional justice: the field of enquiry that specifically studies ideas and practices related to the way in which societies face past abuses. It suggests an insightful analytical perspective from which this book explores Mexico’s transitional justice process.
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Notes
- 1.
Ruti G. Teitel (2003) does something similar when she mistakenly uses the term a ‘genealogy’ of transitional justice. She locates the inception of transitional justice to the Nuremberg Trials.
- 2.
In some cases, a third principle has been invoked by participants in this debate: ‘the right to compensations’. The underlying idea of this principle is that states have the duty to ‘redress the damage’ suffered by victims of abuses. Compensations can be monetary or non-monetary (see Moon 2012).
- 3.
According to retributivists, the most explicit obligations to punish past human rights crimes were established in the Velásquez Rodríguez Case brought by the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights against the government of Honduras for the unresolved disappearance of Manfredo Velásquez in September 1981. The Court established that ‘the States must prevent, investigate and punish any violation of the rights recognized by the Convention and, moreover, if possible attempt to restore the right violated and provide compensation as warranted for damages resulting from the violation’. Moreover, and crucially, the Court found that Honduras’ duties under the Convention persisted even though the government in power at the time of its decision was not the same one that had presided over the practice of disappearances whose victims included Manfredo Velásquez.
- 4.
It is worth noting that the discourse of restorative justice has been shaped and manipulated by experts participating within the first and second clusters of literature on transitional justice ex post facto. That is to say, such discourse became commensurate with the institution of the truth commission, rather than truth commissions being developed as a consequence of the rise of restorative values.
- 5.
For restorativists, the right to truth has been explicitly established by the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR): ‘every society has the inalienable right to know the truth about past events, as well as the motives and circumstances in which aberrant crimes came to be committed, in order to prevent repetition of such acts in the future’ (Annual Report of the IACHR 1985–86, OEA/Ser. L/V./ II.68, Doc. 8, rev. 1, September 26, 1986, ch. V, p. 205).
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- 7.
- 8.
Certainly, in using a genealogical approach, this research builds on an increasingly important literature that has addressed how particular issues (e.g. crime, schooling, memory, and trauma) have been constituted and then ruled (e.g. Barron 1996; Greco 1993; Hacking 1995; Moon 2009; Osborne and Rose 1999; Owen 1995; Reubi 2009, 2010; Valverde 1997).
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Trevino-Rangel, J. (2022). Transitional Justice: A Field of Practice and of Knowledge. In: Policing the Mexican Past. Palgrave Studies in Compromise after Conflict. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94407-0_3
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