Abstract
Supervised learning has limited generalization ability across scenes due to its high cost of data annotation, and unsupervised learning and unsupervised domain adaptation have become the hot topics in recent years. With the applications of deep learning in the field of unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) for person re-identification, pseudo label methods via clustering techniques have become the mainstream route. However, the clustering procedure inevitably leads to noisy pseudo-labels. To reduce the interference of clustering noise, mutual mean-teaching (MMT) is introduced to generate reliable soft pseudo labels, however, this method is easy to fall into the local optimum. In this paper, we propose a novel Attention Random Variation (ARV) module that can be integrated into the MMT framework to develop Attention Augmented Mutual Networks (AAMN). Our ARV module generates random differences between two collaborative networks under the MMT framework to avoid the networks converging to the same kind of noise. Specifically, we propose a parameter-free Random Variation module to produce differences by randomly enhancing units of feature maps, and then combine it with an attention mechanism to enlarge networks differences and complementarity. Experimental results show that our AAMN method improves mAP of baseline method by 1.9% and 6.3% on Market-to-Duke and Duke-to-Market UDA tasks respectively.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Chang, X., Yang, Y., Xiang, T., Hospedales, T.M.: Disjoint label space transfer learning with common factorised space. In: AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pp. 3288–3295 (2019)
Delorme, G., Xu, Y., Lathuilière, S., Horaud, R., Alameda-Pineda, X.: CANU-ReID: a conditional adversarial network for unsupervised person re-identification. In: International Conference on Pattern Recognition (2021)
Deng, W., Zheng, L., Ye, Q., Kang, G., Yang, Y., Jiao, J.: Image-image domain adaptation with preserved self-similarity and domain-dissimilarity for person re-identification. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 994–1003 (2018)
DeVries, T., Taylor, G.W.: Improved regularization of convolutional neural networks with cutout. arXiv preprint arXiv: 1708.04552 (2017)
Ding, G., Khan, S., Tang, Z., Zhang, J., Porikli, F.: Towards better validity: Dispersion based clustering for unsupervised person re-identification. arXiv preprint arXiv: 1906.01308 (2019)
Fu, Y., Wei, Y., Wang, G., Zhou, Y., Shi, H., Huang, T.S.: Self-similarity grouping: a simple unsupervised cross domain adaptation approach for person re-identification. In: IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 6112–6121 (2019)
Ge, Y., Chen, D., Li, H.: Mutual mean-teaching: Pseudo label refinery for unsupervised domain adaptation on person re-identification. arXiv preprint arXiv: 2001.01526 (2020)
Ghiasi, G., Lin, T.Y., Le, Q.V.: Dropblock: A regularization method for convolutional networks. arXiv preprint arXiv: 1810.12890 (2018)
He, K., Zhang, X., Ren, S., Sun, J.: Deep residual learning for image recognition. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 770–778 (2016)
Hu, J., Shen, L., Sun, G.: Squeeze-and-excitation networks. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 7132–7141 (2018)
Krizhevsky, A., Hinton, G., et al.: Learning multiple layers of features from tiny images. University of Toronto (2009)
Li, M., Zhu, X., Gong, S.: Unsupervised person re-identification by deep learning tracklet association. In: Ferrari, V., Hebert, M., Sminchisescu, C., Weiss, Y. (eds.) ECCV 2018, Part IV. LNCS, vol. 11208, pp. 772–788. Springer, Cham (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01225-0_45
Li, M., Zhu, X., Gong, S.: Unsupervised tracklet person re-identification. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 42(7), 1770–1782 (2019)
Li, Y.J., Lin, C.S., Lin, Y.B., Wang, Y.C.F.: Cross-dataset person re-identification via unsupervised pose disentanglement and adaptation. In: IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 7919–7929 (2019)
Lin, S., Li, H., Li, C.T., Kot, A.C.: Multi-task mid-level feature alignment network for unsupervised cross-dataset person re-identification. arXiv preprint arXiv: 1807.01440 (2018)
Lin, Y., Dong, X., Zheng, L., Yan, Y., Yang, Y.: A bottom-up clustering approach to unsupervised person re-identification. In: AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pp. 8738–8745 (2019)
Qi, L., Wang, L., Huo, J., Zhou, L., Shi, Y., Gao, Y.: A novel unsupervised camera-aware domain adaptation framework for person re-identification. In: IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 8080–8089 (2019)
Ristani, E., Solera, F., Zou, R., Cucchiara, R., Tomasi, C.: Performance measures and a data set for multi-target, multi-camera tracking. In: Hua, G., Jégou, H. (eds.) ECCV 2016, Part II. LNCS, vol. 9914, pp. 17–35. Springer, Cham (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48881-3_2
Singh, K.K., Lee, Y.J.: Hide-and-seek: forcing a network to be meticulous for weakly-supervised object and action localization. In: IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 3544–3553 (2017)
Song, L., et al.: Unsupervised domain adaptive re-identification: theory and practice. Pattern Recognit. 102, 107173 (2020)
Sun, Y., Zheng, L., Yang, Y., Tian, Q., Wang, S.: Beyond part models: person retrieval with refined part pooling (and a strong convolutional baseline). In: European Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 480–496 (2018)
Wang, G., Yuan, Y., Chen, X., Li, J., Zhou, X.: Learning discriminative features with multiple granularities for person re-identification. In: ACM International Conference on Multimedia, pp. 274–282 (2018)
Wang, X., Girshick, R., Gupta, A., He, K.: Non-local neural networks. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 7794–7803 (2018)
Wei, L., Zhang, S., Gao, W., Tian, Q.: Person transfer GAN to bridge domain gap for person re-identification. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 79–88 (2018)
Wu, J., Liao, S., Wang, X., Yang, Y., Li, S.Z.: Clustering and dynamic sampling based unsupervised domain adaptation for person re-identification. In: IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, pp. 886–891 (2019)
Xia, B.N., Gong, Y., Zhang, Y., Poellabauer, C.: Second-order non-local attention networks for person re-identification. In: IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 3760–3769 (2019)
Yang, F., et al.: Asymmetric co-teaching for unsupervised cross-domain person re-identification. In: AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pp. 12597–12604 (2020)
Zhang, X., Cao, J., Shen, C., You, M.: Self-training with progressive augmentation for unsupervised cross-domain person re-identification. In: IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 8222–8231 (2019)
Zheng, L., Shen, L., Tian, L., Wang, S., Wang, J., Tian, Q.: Scalable person re-identification: a benchmark. In: IEEE international Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 1116–1124 (2015)
Zhong, Z., Zheng, L., Kang, G., Li, S., Yang, Y.: Random erasing data augmentation. In: AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pp. 13001–13008 (2020)
Zhong, Z., Zheng, L., Li, S., Yang, Y.: Generalizing a person retrieval model hetero- and homogeneously. In: Ferrari, V., Hebert, M., Sminchisescu, C., Weiss, Y. (eds.) ECCV 2018, Part XIII. LNCS, vol. 11217, pp. 176–192. Springer, Cham (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01261-8_11
Zhong, Z., Zheng, L., Zheng, Z., Li, S., Yang, Y.: Camera style adaptation for person re-identification. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 5157–5166 (2018)
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62006013.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Tian, H., Hu, J. (2021). Unsupervised Domain Adaptation via Attention Augmented Mutual Networks for Person Re-identification. In: Fang, L., Chen, Y., Zhai, G., Wang, J., Wang, R., Dong, W. (eds) Artificial Intelligence. CICAI 2021. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 13069. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93046-2_41
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93046-2_41
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-93045-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-93046-2
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)