Abstract
Chitooligosaccharides (COS) have been therapeutically effective against a wide range of medical conditions, and the low molecular weight (MW) and, in some cases, a high degree of deacetylation (DD) have enhanced its biological activity. However, these properties can dramatically change the behavior of COS as a drug carrier, especially for drugs that show limited bioavailability. COS-based drug delivery systems (DDS) can be absorbed more readily, and they have faster release characteristics, in addition to exhibiting better biodegradability and bioaccumulation potential. These properties are central to the success of COS in the delivery of a wide variety of drugs, ranging from tumor-targeting drugs to genes. This chapter discusses in depth the impact of MW and DD on COS-based DDS and reviews recent applications.
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Abbreviations
- COS:
-
Chitosan oligomer/chitooligosaccharide
- DDS:
-
Drug delivery systems
- DP:
-
Degree of polymerization
- DD:
-
Degree of deacetylation
- MW:
-
Molecular weight
- TNF-α:
-
Tumor necrosis factor α
- IL-6:
-
Interleukin-6
- iNOS:
-
Inducible nitric oxide synthase
- PI3K/Akt:
-
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Akt
- VEGF:
-
Vascular endothelial growth factor
- uPA:
-
Urokinase plasminogen activator
- COX-2:
-
Cyclooxygenase
- MCP-1:
-
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1
- TMCO:
-
Trimethylated chitosan oligomer
- EPR:
-
Enhanced permeability and retention
- GP:
-
Glycerolphosphate
- LCST:
-
Lower critical solution temperature
- siRNA:
-
Small interfering ribonucleic acids
- miRNA:
-
Micro RNA mimics
- ASO:
-
Antisense oligonucleotides
- mRNA:
-
Messenger RNA
- NP:
-
Nanoparticles
- PBA:
-
Phenylboronic acid
- PTX:
-
Paclitaxel
- ATRA:
-
All-trans-retinoic acid
- PDLLA:
-
Poly(DL-lactic) acid
- PARP:
-
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase
- Bak1:
-
BCL2 Antagonist/Killer 1
- Bax:
-
Bcl-2-associated X protein
- Bcl-2:
-
B-cell lymphoma 2
- PD-L1:
-
Programmed death-ligand 1
- AmB:
-
Amphotericin B
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Tabassum, N., Ahmed, S., Azam Ali, M. (2022). Chitooligosaccharides for Drug Delivery. In: Kim, SK. (eds) Chitooligosaccharides. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92806-3_19
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