Introduction

Abstract

While much research has examined the impact of population and economic growth on the health and biodiversity of the islands’ plants and animals over several decades, the impacts on human health and well-being have not received as much widespread attention. Social and economic changes have transformed the environment of the islands with important consequences for human health and well-being. As this chapter describes, population growth, tourism, and limited infrastructure pose health challenges for island residents, who experience high levels of chronic and infectious illnesses. The geographic isolation of the islands also places constraints on the health services available. This chapter provides an overview of human health research on the islands, a discussion of the history of the health system, and a description of current collaborative initiatives to improve human health. This overview highlights the need for interdisciplinary research teams to work alongside community members to identify programs and policies that can help to improve human well-being while preserving this unique and important world heritage site.