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Visuospatial Reasoning, Calculators and Computers

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Mathematics Education in a Neocolonial Country: The Case of Papua New Guinea

Part of the book series: History of Mathematics Education ((HME))

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Abstract:

Visuospatial reasoning has become a well-researched theme within mathematics and mathematics education, and there is evidence that it is often used in mathematical contexts in Papua New Guinea (PNG). This chapter provides a review of related research in Papua New Guinea which has been conducted over the past 40 years, and discusses the diversity of contexts aspects, which points to the importance of visuospatial reasoning including its relationships to some language aspects within the nation. The chapter also considers the position of information communication technologies (ICTs) within PNG. In fact, in the 1980s the PNG University of Technology situated itself so far as ICT was concerned, ahead of many universities around the world. In more recent times however, it has been hard for the nation to keep pace with advances elsewhere, stemming from the cost of internet services from advances in teaching with technology. Nevertheless, despite the nation’s relatively small population, and the impact of that on the cost of internet services there have been numerous projects and other advances in terms of ICT within the nation. This chapter will focus particularly, on PNG research on visuospatial reasoning in mathematics, mathematics education and computer education.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Cross-sections of 3D objects, nets of 3D objects, cut and rearrange cloth to make a square, directions on a grid, comparing areas of 2D shapes when made with same perimeter, comparing 2D shapes by sight, walks that give different loci.

  2. 2.

    Clements’ experiences in PNG, India, and other parts of Asia enabled him to attract many graduate students from Asian nations. Many of them are now leaders in mathematics education in their own countries.

  3. 3.

    Lowrie, like Owens, has continued to carry out research in visualisation. He is now Professor of the STEM Education Research Centre, at the University of Canberra.

  4. 4.

    It is expensive to send children to this school. It is likely that only parents with careers requiring educational qualifications could afford the books which the students were required to have.

  5. 5.

    Deixis is a linguistic term relating to indicating. This might include the speaker, participants in the communication, their location or orientation in space, whatever indexing acts they perform, or the time of the utterance in relation to these. For a full discussion see Senft (2004). The studies covered here are especially about spatial deixis. There have been a number of cognitive psychology studies linked to linguistic studies (see, for example, Edmonds-Wathen, 2012).

  6. 6.

    This is common also in many Australian Aboriginal languages such as Wiradjuri.

  7. 7.

    See Kay Owens’ cameo in chapter 6

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Education Researcher and Consultant, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea

    Patricia Paraide

  2. Adjunct Associate ProfessorSchool of Education, Faculty of Arts and Education - Dubbo Campus, Charles Sturt University, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Kay Owens

  3. Former Provincial Education Adviser, Jiwaka Province, Papua New Guinea

    Charly Muke

  4. Emeritus Professor, Faculty of Education - Melbourne Campus, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia

    Philip Clarkson

  5. Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Christopher Owens

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Paraide, P., Owens, K., Muke, C., Clarkson, P., Owens, C. (2022). Visuospatial Reasoning, Calculators and Computers. In: Mathematics Education in a Neocolonial Country: The Case of Papua New Guinea. History of Mathematics Education. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90994-9_11

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