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Taste and Smell in Weight Loss Surgery

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Sensory Science and Chronic Diseases

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Abstract

Metabolic surgeries are the most effective weight loss treatment for severe obesity and its related comorbidities such as diabetes and hypertension. These surgical procedures promote many physiological and ingestive behavioral changes that are not fully understood. In particular, preference for unhealthy foods after metabolic surgeries is reduced both in patients in the clinic and in preclinical models. It is hypothesized that the reduced preferences or consumption for high-sugar/fat foods is possibly due to what patients commonly describe as alterations in their “taste” perception. This chapter reviews studies that assessed taste and smell changes associated with metabolic surgeries, focusing mainly on those that used sensory evaluation techniques. Findings from these studies have been inconsistent and, overall, the evidence that metabolic surgeries change taste sensitivity is weak. However, findings on the effects of these surgeries on the affective or hedonic component of flavor perception have been more consistent and are congruent with findings from preclinical studies revealing surgery-related changes in central circuits of reward. More studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these post-surgical alterations in the rewarding value of food.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Patricia Watson for editing assistance, and Jose Luis Vazquez for doing the illustration of the different types of bariatric surgery.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA

    Jessica Nicanor Carreón, Blair Rowitz & M. Yanina Pepino

  2. Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA

    M. Belen Acevedo & M. Yanina Pepino

  3. Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Urbana, IL, USA

    Blair Rowitz

  4. Department of Surgery, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL, USA

    Blair Rowitz

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  1. Jessica Nicanor Carreón
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  2. M. Belen Acevedo
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  4. M. Yanina Pepino
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Correspondence to M. Yanina Pepino .

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  1. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and National Institute of Nursing Research Bethesda, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Paule Valery Joseph

  2. Department of Allied Health Sciences College of Agriculture, Health, and Natural Resources, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA

    Valerie Buzas Duffy

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This work was supported, in part, by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) Hatch Project 698–921 and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant AA024103. J.N.C. was supported, in part, by a fellowship from the Mexican National Council of Science and Technology (CONACyT). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of USDA NIFA, NIH, or CONACyT. The funding agencies had no role in the interpretation of the data or in the preparation or contents of the manuscript.

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Nicanor Carreón, J., Acevedo, M.B., Rowitz, B., Pepino, M.Y. (2021). Taste and Smell in Weight Loss Surgery. In: Joseph, P.V., Duffy, V.B. (eds) Sensory Science and Chronic Diseases. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86282-4_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86282-4_6

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