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Hantaviruses in a Global Perspective

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Zoonoses: Infections Affecting Humans and Animals

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Abstract

In 2016, a new classification for hantaviruses has been established by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). Hantaviruses are ranked as family Hantaviridae comprising seven genera. So far, pathogenic hantaviruses are exclusively detected in the genus Orthohantavirus. Orthohantaviruses are pathogens of emerging importance, and members are meanwhile described all over the globe. The knowledge on respective small mammal hosts and their associated viruses has been rapidly increasing in the last years and now includes beside rodents also insectivores, bats, and with these several associated new viruses. Usually, animals are asymptomatic reservoir carriers despite a few studies showing effects on rodent population levels. In humans, clinical symptoms of orthohantavirus infections are depending on the virus type. Orthohantaviruses in the Americas cause hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS), whereas members in Eurasia cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) of different severity. However, as the clinical outcome is often inapparent, recorded case numbers are also underestimated. The epidemiology of orthohantaviruses is multifaceted as multiple biotic and abiotic factors seem to bias the causal link to hantavirus oscillations. In conclusion, hantavirus research on orthohantavirus pathogenesis and epidemiology is complex, because the genus is characterized by a broad range of virulence and host species association.

EK, LP, and SE conceived the layout of the project. SE, LP, and EK wrote the manuscript. SE, EK, and LP created the figures and tables. SE and EK supervised the project.

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The authors declare that there is no financial or personal relationship with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence the work. Opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by Bundeswehr Joint Medical Service or any other governmental institutions.

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  1. Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany

    E. Krautkrämer

  2. Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Department Virology and Intracellular Agents, German Centre for Infection Research, Munich, Germany

    L. Peintner & S. Essbauer

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  1. Dept. of Infectiology, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Oberschleißheim, Bayern, Germany

    Andreas Sing

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Krautkrämer, E., Peintner, L., Essbauer, S. (2022). Hantaviruses in a Global Perspective. In: Sing, A. (eds) Zoonoses: Infections Affecting Humans and Animals. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85877-3_30-1

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