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Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

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Perinatology

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Abstract

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is still a prevalent disease in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) and associated with short- and long-term impairments in lung function. Low gestational age, mechanical ventilation, and supplemental oxygen are the main risk factors. Continuous positive airway pressure since birth, noninvasive ventilation, and surfactant have improved outcomes in the population of extreme and very low birth weight. Antenatal corticosteroids are best evidence to decrease the rates of BPD. Early caffeine administration is now standard of care. Approximately 30% of BPD babies will develop pulmonary hypertension and will need special care and medications. Postnatal steroids have a role in selected cases. New promising therapies, like Sildenafil, nitric oxide, and mesenchymal stem cells may become important in the future. Long-term follow-up show increased rehospitalizations and compromised lung function in more severe cases until late childhood.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Perinatal Maternity Hospital, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

    José Maria de Andrade Lopes & Danielle Negri de Souza Lopes

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  1. José Maria de Andrade Lopes
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  2. Danielle Negri de Souza Lopes
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Correspondence to José Maria de Andrade Lopes .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Maternal and Child Department, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Renato Augusto Moreira de Sá

  2. Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil

    Eduardo Borges da Fonseca

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de Andrade Lopes, J.M., de Souza Lopes, D.N. (2022). Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. In: Moreira de Sá, R.A., Fonseca, E.B.d. (eds) Perinatology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83434-0_62

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83434-0_62

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