Abstract
The development of the organophosphate pesticides considered by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) originally came from the synthesis of more potent neurotoxins during World War II when it was discovered that some synthesized neurotoxins were effective against insects, but far less lethal for higher animals than the more potent neurotoxins. In contrast, glyphosate, while having some structural similarities to the organophosphates, is not an insecticide, but is effective against the growth of unwanted plants, with a low level of acute toxicity to animals. The following chapter provides a background for the development of each of the five substances considered by IARC, discusses their mode(s) of action, and summarizes their uses and overall potency, including “safety factors” of human metabolism.
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Permission to use figure provided by Gabriela Dumitrita Stanciu, first author of Alzheimer's Disease Pharmacotherapy in Relation to Cholinergic System Involvement. by Gabriela Dumitrita Stanciu. Andrei Luca. … Biomolecules 2020, 10(1), 40; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10010040.
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Richmond, M. (2021). Discovery and Commercial Introduction and Mode of Action of Parathion, Malathion, Diazinon, Tetrachlorvinphos, and Glyphosate. In: Cancer Hazards: Parathion, Malathion, Diazinon, Tetrachlorvinphos and Glyphosate. AESS Interdisciplinary Environmental Studies and Sciences Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81953-8_1
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