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Solutions for Polluting Emissions Reduction in Internal Combustion Engines

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Abstract

The influence of different alternative fuels used at internal combustion engine on pollutant emissions, GHG and performance is presented. The use of alternative fuels may require special fueling solutions according to the engine type or fuel properties. The use of hydrogen as single fuel at spark ignition engine leads to the decrease of NOx with 93% at lean dosages. The addition of hydrogen into the inlet air at spark ignition engine ensures the reduction of CO, CO2, HC and a 14% decrease of brake specific energetic consumption. At 2% hydrogen addition in a truck diesel engine inlet ensures a 7% reduction in brake specific energetic consumption, 12% decrease in NOx and reduction of HC, CO, CO2 and smoke. At 7%, hydrogen addition in a car diesel engine inlet ensures a reduction of 28.5% for HC, 24% for smoke and 20% for NOx. Bioethanol use at SIE leads to the increase of engine performance and decrease of CO, CO2, HC and constant NOx. For a turbo supercharged SIE, the E20 fuel ensures a 10% reduction in brake specific energetic consumption, decrease in CO, NC and NOx for lean mixtures. A 50% of methanol use at diesel engine decreases the emissions of NOx, smoke and CO2. The use of LPG to fuel a car diesel engine ensures the reduction of NOx by 40%, HC by 77%, CO2 by 5% and smoke by 30%.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Mechanics and Mechatronics Faculty, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania

    Alexandru Cernat, Constantin Pana & Niculae Negurescu

Authors
  1. Alexandru Cernat
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  2. Constantin Pana
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  3. Niculae Negurescu
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University Politehnica of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania

    Gheorghe Lazaroiu

  2. University Politehnica of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania

    Lucian Mihaescu

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Cernat, A., Pana, C., Negurescu, N. (2021). Solutions for Polluting Emissions Reduction in Internal Combustion Engines. In: Lazaroiu, G., Mihaescu, L. (eds) Innovative Renewable Waste Conversion Technologies . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81431-1_11

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