Abstract
Two-dimensional materials are referring to the materials which are confined in one dimension and growing in another two dimensions. Based on the chemical composition, two-dimensional materials can be further classified into single element layered two-dimensional material, such as graphene and phosphorene, and mixed elements two-dimensional materials, such as transition metal dichalcogenides, MXenes, clay minerals, layered double hydroxides and so on.
This chapter highlights the applications of two-dimensional materials on removing heavy metal ions from aquatic environment. The heavy metal ions removal mechanisms, including surface complexation, van der Waals force, and ion exchange were illustrated combining with typical examples of heavy metal ions removal by two-dimensional materials. Six recently extensively studied types of two-dimensional materials, graphene-based materials, dichalcogenides, MXenes, clay minerals, layered double hydroxides, and layered zeolites, have been discussed in details. Reference to the classification of two-dimensional materials, the most recent researches on developing two-dimensional materials for heavy metal removal, together with a perspective that could be instructive for future research in this topic has been addressed.
By employing different functionalities and techniques, the two-dimensional materials can be fabricated as adsorbents, membranes or electro-device to remove heavy metal from aqueous environment. In this chapter, most of the heavy metal removal by two-dimensional materials mentioned were based on adsorption techniques, because adsorption is one of the most intensive studied techniques for removing heavy metals, especially for novel two-dimensional materials. Besides, the heavy metal removal techniques other than adsorption were also introduced briefly in this chapter.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Abd-Elfattah ALY, Wada K (1981) Adsorption of Lead, copper, zinc, cobalt, and cadmium by soils that differ in cation-exchange materials. J Soil Sci 32:271–283. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.1981.tb01706.x
Addy M, Losey B, Mohseni R, Zlotnikov E, Vasiliev A (2012) Adsorption of heavy metal ions on mesoporous silica-modified montmorillonite containing a grafted chelate ligand. Appl Clay Sci 59-60:115–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2012.02.012
Ai K, Ruan C, Shen M, Lu L (2016) MoS2 Nanosheets with widened interlayer spacing for high-efficiency removal of mercury in aquatic systems. Adv Funct Mater 26:5542–5549. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201601338
Bhattacharyya KG, Gupta SS (2008) Adsorption of a few heavy metals on natural and modified kaolinite and montmorillonite: a review. Adv Colloid Interf Sci 140:114–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2007.12.008
Bhimanapati GR, Lin Z, Meunier V, Jung Y, Cha J, Das S, Xiao D, Son Y, Strano MS, Cooper VR, Liang L, Louie SG, Ringe E, Zhou W, Kim SS, Naik RR, Sumpter BG, Terrones H, Xia F, Wang Y, Zhu J, Akinwande D, Alem N, Schuller JA, Schaak RE, Terrones M, Robinson JA (2015) Recent advances in two-dimensional materials beyond graphene. ACS Nano 9:11509–11539. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b05556
Bianco A, Cheng H, Enoki T, Gogotsi Y, Hurt RH, Koratkar N, Kyotani T, Monthioux M, Park CR, Tascon JMD, Zhang J (2013) All in the graphene family – a recommended nomenclature for two-dimensional carbon materials. Carbon 65:1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2013.08.038
Boota M, Anasori B, Voigt C, Zhao M, Barsoum MW, Gogotsi Y (2016) Pseudocapacitive electrodes produced by oxidant-free polymerization of pyrrole between the layers of 2D titanium carbide (MXene). Adv Mater 28:1517–1522. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201504705
Brigatti MF, Galán E, Theng BKG (2013) Chapter 2 structure and mineralogy of clay minerals. In developments in clay science, edited by Bergaya F, Lagaly G, 21-81. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-098258-8.00002-X
Brown GE, Foster AL, Ostergren JD (1999) Mineral surfaces and bioavailability of heavy metals: a molecular-scale perspective. Proc Natl Acad Sci 96:3388–3395. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.7.3388
Buck V (1987) Preparation and properties of different types of sputtered MoS2 films. Wear 114:263–274. https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1648(87)90116-5
Carrado KA, Kostapapas A, Suib SL (1988) Layered double hydroxides (LDHs). Solid State Ionics 26:77–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-2738(88)90018-5
Chandra V, Kim KS (2011) Highly selective adsorption of Hg2+ by a polypyrrole-reduced graphene oxide composite. Chem Commun 47:3942–3944. https://doi.org/10.1039/c1cc00005e
Chen Z, Liang Y, Jia D, Chen W, Cui Z, Wang X (2017) Layered silicate RUB-15 for efficient removal of UO22+ and heavy metal ions by ion-exchange. Environ Sci Nano 4:1851–1858. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7en00366h
Chowdhury S, Balasubramanian R (2014) Recent advances in the use of graphene-family nanoadsorbents for removal of toxic pollutants from wastewater. Adv Colloid Interf Sci 204:35–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2013.12.005
Dresselhaus MS, Araujo PT (2010) Perspectives on the 2010 Nobel prize in physics for graphene. ACS Nano 4:6297–6302. https://doi.org/10.1021/nn1029789
El-Raghy T, Barsoum MW, Sika M (2001) Reaction of Al with Ti3SiC2 in the 800–1000°C temperature range. Mater Sci Eng A 298:174–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(00)01281-8
Fard AK, McKay G, Chamoun R, Rhadfi T, Preud’Homme H, Atieh MA (2017) Barium removal from synthetic natural and produced water using MXene as two dimensional (2-D) nanosheet adsorbent. Chem Eng J 317:331–342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2017.02.090
Farrah H, Pickering WF (1978) The sorption of mercury species by clay minerals. Water Air Soil Pollut 9:23–31. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00185744
Fu W, Wang XY, Huang ZQ (2019) Remarkable reusability of magnetic Fe3O4-encapsulated C3N3S3 polymer/reduced graphene oxide composite: a highly effective adsorbent for Pb and Hg ions. Sci Total Environ 659:895–904. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.303
Geim AK, Grigorieva IV (2013) Van der Waals heterostructures. Nature 499:419. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12385
Giammar DE, Maus CJ, Xie L (2006) Effects of particle size and crystalline phase on Lead adsorption to titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Environ Eng Sci 24:85–95. https://doi.org/10.1089/ees.2007.24.85
Gollavelli G, Chang C, Ling Y (2013) Facile synthesis of smart magnetic graphene for safe drinking water: heavy metal removal and disinfection control. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 1:462–472. https://doi.org/10.1021/sc300112z
Goodwin DG, Adeleye AS, Sung L, Ho KT, Burgess RM, Petersen EJ (2018) Detection and quantification of graphene-family nanomaterials in the environment. Environ Sci Technol 52:4491–4513. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b04938
Gu PC, Zhang S, Zhang CL, Wang XX, Khan A, Wen T, Hu BW, Alsaedi A, Hayat T, Wang XK (2019) Two-dimensional MAX-derived titanate nanostructures for efficient removal of Pb(II). Dalton Trans 48:2100–2107. https://doi.org/10.1039/c8dt04301a
Guo X, Du B, Wei Q, Yang J, Hu L, Yan L, Xu W (2014) Synthesis of amino functionalized magnetic graphenes composite material and its application to remove Cr(VI), Pb(II), Hg(II), Cd(II) and Ni(II) from contaminated water. J Hazard Mater 278:211–220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.05.075
Guo X, Zhang XT, Zhao SJ, Huang Q, Xue JM (2016) High adsorption capacity of heavy metals on two-dimensional MXenes: an ab initio study with molecular dynamics simulation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 18:228–233. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5cp06078h
Hao L, Song H, Zhang L, Wan X, Tang Y, Lv Y (2012) SiO2/graphene composite for highly selective adsorption of Pb(II) ion. J Colloid Interface Sci 369:381–387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2011.12.023
Hu R, Wang X, Dai S, Shao D, Hayat T, Alsaedi A (2015) Application of graphitic carbon nitride for the removal of Pb(II) and aniline from aqueous solutions. Chem Eng J 260:469–477. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2014.09.013
Huang Z, Zheng X, Lv W, Wang M, Yang Q, Kang F (2011) Adsorption of Lead(II) ions from aqueous solution on low-temperature exfoliated graphene Nanosheets. Langmuir 27:7558–7562. https://doi.org/10.1021/la200606r
Inagaki M, Kang F (2014) Graphene derivatives: graphane, fluorographene, graphene oxide, graphyne and graphdiyne. J Mater Chem A 2:13193–13206. https://doi.org/10.1039/c4ta01183j
Jeong H, Nair S, Vogt T, Dickinson LC, Tsapatsis M (2003) A highly crystalline layered silicate with three-dimensionally microporous layers. Nat Mater 2:53–58. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat795
Jia F, Zhang X, Song S (2017) AFM study on the adsorption of Hg2+ on natural molybdenum disulfide in aqueous solutions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 19:3837–3844. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6CP07302F
Jiang M, Jin X, Lu X, Chen Z (2010) Adsorption of Pb(II), Cd(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) onto natural kaolinite clay. Desalination 252:33–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2009.11.005
Jiang T, Liu W, Mao Y, Zhang L, Cheng J, Gong M, Zhao H, Dai L, Zhang S, Zhao Q (2015) Adsorption behavior of copper ions from aqueous solution onto graphene oxide–CdS composite. Chem Eng J 259:603–610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2014.08.022
Kalantar-Zadeh K, Ou JZ, Daeneke T, Mitchell A, Sasaki T, Fuhrer MS (2016) Two dimensional and layered transition metal oxides. Appl Mater Today 5:73–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2016.09.012
Kameda T, Takeuchi H, Yoshioka T (2008) Uptake of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution using Mg–Al layered double hydroxides intercalated with citrate, malate, and tartrate. Sep Purif Technol 62:330–336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2008.02.001
Kim J, Kwak S (2017) Efficient and selective removal of heavy metals using microporous layered silicate AMH-3 as sorbent. Chem Eng J 313:975–982. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2016.10.143
Lan H, Wang F, Lan M, An X, Liu H, Qu J (2019) Hydrogen-bond-mediated self-assembly of carbon-nitride-based photo-Fenton-like membranes for wastewater treatment. Environ Sci Technol 53:6981–6988. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b00790
Lembke D, Bertolazzi S, Kis A (2015) Single-layer MoS2 electronics. Acc Chem Res 48:100–110. https://doi.org/10.1021/ar500274q
Li Z, Marler B, Gies H (2008) A new layered silicate with structural motives of silicate zeolites: synthesis, crystals structure, and properties. Chem Mater 20:1896–1901. https://doi.org/10.1021/cm702880p
Li N, Zhang L, Chen Y, Fang M, Zhang J, Wang H (2012) Highly efficient, irreversible and selective ion exchange property of layered Titanate nanostructures. Adv Funct Mater 22:835–841. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201102272
Liu G, Jin W, Xu N (2016) Two-dimensional-material membranes: a new family of high-performance separation membranes. Angew Chem Int Ed 55:13384–13397. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201600438
Liu C, Wu T, Hsu PC, Xie J, Zhao J, Liu K, Sun J, Xu J, Tang J, Ye Z, Lin D, Cui Y (2019) Direct/alternating current electrochemical method for removing and recovering heavy metal from water using graphene oxide electrode. ACS Nano 13:6431–6437. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.8b09301
Lopes CB, Otero M, Coimbra J, Pereira E, Rocha J, Lin Z, Duarte A (2007) Removal of low concentration Hg2+ from natural waters by microporous and layered titanosilicates. Microporous Mesoporous Mater 103:325–332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2007.02.025
Lukowski MA, Daniel AS, Meng F, Forticaux A, Li L, Jin S (2013) Enhanced hydrogen evolution catalysis from chemically exfoliated metallic MoS2 Nanosheets. J Am Chem Soc 135:10274–10277. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja404523s
Ma B, Oh S, Shin WS, Choi S (2011) Removal of Co2+, Sr2+ and Cs+ from aqueous solution by phosphate-modified montmorillonite (PMM). Desalination 276:336–346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2011.03.072
Ma L, Wang Q, Islam SM, Liu Y, Ma S, Kanatzidis MG (2016) Highly selective and efficient removal of heavy metals by layered double hydroxide intercalated with the MoS42− ion. J Am Chem Soc 138:2858–2866. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.6b00110
Mukherjee R, Bhunia P, De S (2016) Impact of graphene oxide on removal of heavy metals using mixed matrix membrane. Chem Eng J 292:284–297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2016.02.015
Naguib M, Kurtoglu M, Presser V, Lu J, Niu J, Heon M, Hultman L, Gogotsi Y, Barsoum MW (2011a) Two-dimensional nanocrystals produced by exfoliation of Ti3AlC2. Adv Mater 23:4248–4253. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201102306
Naguib M, Presser V, Tallman D, Lu J, Hultman L, Gogotsi Y, Barsoum MW (2011b) On the Topotactic transformation of Ti2AlC into a Ti-C-O-F cubic phase by heating in molten Lithium fluoride in air. J Am Ceram Soc 94:4556–4561. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2011.04896.x
Naguib M, Mochalin VN, Barsoum MW, Gogotsi Y (2014) 25th anniversary article: MXenes: a new family of two-dimensional materials. Adv Mater 26:992–1005. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201304138
Newman SP, Jones W (1998) Synthesis, characterization and applications of layered double hydroxides containing organic guests. New J Chem 22:105–115. https://doi.org/10.1039/A708319J
Novoselov KS (2004) Electric field effect in atomically thin carbon films. Science 306:666–669. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1102896
Novoselov KS, Mishchenko A, Carvalho A, Castro Neto AH (2016) 2D materials and van der Waals heterostructures. Science 353:aac9439. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aac9439
Oberhagemann U, Bayat P, Marler B, Gies H, Rius J (1996) A layer silicate: synthesis and structure of the zeolite precursor RUB-15-[N(CH3)4]8[Si24O52(OH)4]·20H2O. Angew Chem Int Ed 35:2869–2872. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.199628691
Peng Q, Crean J, Han L, Liu S, Wen X, De S, Dearden A (2014a) New materials graphyne, graphdiyne, graphone, and graphane: review of properties, synthesis, and application in nanotechnology. Nanotechnol Sci Appl 7:1–29. https://doi.org/10.2147/nsa.s40324
Peng QM, Guo JX, Zhang QR, Xiang JY, Liu BZ, Zhou AG, Liu RP, Tian YJ (2014b) Unique Lead adsorption behavior of activated hydroxyl Group in two-Dimensional Titanium Carbide. J Am Chem Soc 136:4113–4116. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja500506k
Pérez MR, Pavlovic I, Barriga C, Cornejo J, HermosÃn MC, Ulibarri MA (2006) Uptake of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ on Zn–Al layered double hydroxide intercalated with EDTA. Appl Clay Sci 32:245–251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2006.01.008
Qin Z, Yuan P, Zhu J, He H, Liu D, Yang S (2010) Influences of thermal pretreatment temperature and solvent on the organosilane modification of Al13-intercalated/Al-pillared montmorillonite. Appl Clay Sci 50:546–553. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2010.10.011
Radisavljevic B, Radenovic A, Brivio J, Giacometti V, Kis A (2011) Single-layer MoS2 transistors. Nat Nanotechnol 6:147. https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2010.279
Ren Y, Yan N, Feng J, Ma J, Wen Q, Li N, Dong Q (2012) Adsorption mechanism of copper and lead ions onto graphene nanosheet/δ-MnO2. Mater Chem Phys 136:538–544. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2012.07.023
Sani HA, Ahmad MB, Hussein MZ, Ibrahim NA, Musa A, Saleh TA (2017) Nanocomposite of ZnO with montmorillonite for removal of lead and copper ions from aqueous solutions. Process Saf Environ Prot 109:97–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2017.03.024
Shahzad A, Rasool K, Miran W, Nawaz M, Jang J, Mahmoud KA, Lee DS (2017) Two-dimensional Ti3C2TX MXene Nanosheets for efficient copper removal from water. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 5:11481–11488. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b02695
Sheet I, Kabbani A, Holail H (2014) Removal of heavy metals using nanostructured graphite oxide, silica nanoparticles and silica/graphite oxide composite. Energy Procedia 50:130–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.06.016
Shen Y, Fang Q, Chen B (2015) Environmental applications of three-dimensional graphene-based macrostructures: adsorption, transformation, and detection. Environ Sci Technol 49:67–84. https://doi.org/10.1021/es504421y
Sitko R, Turek E, Zawisza B, Malicka E, Talik E, Heimann J, Gagor A, Feist B, Wrzalik R (2013) Adsorption of divalent metal ions from aqueous solutions using graphene oxide. Dalton Trans 42:5682–5689. https://doi.org/10.1039/C3DT33097D
Suárez-Iglesias O, Collado S, Oulego P, DÃaz M (2017) Graphene-family nanomaterials in wastewater treatment plants. Chem Eng J 313:121–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2016.12.022
Sun L, Huang H, Peng X (2013) Laminar MoS2 membranes for molecule separation. Chem Commun 49:10718–10720. https://doi.org/10.1039/C3CC46136J
Sun Q, Aguila B, Perman J, Earl LD, Abney CW, Cheng Y, Wei H, Nguyen N, Wojtas L, Ma S (2017) Postsynthetically modified covalent organic frameworks for efficient and effective mercury removal. J Am Chem Soc 139:2786–2793. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.6b12885
Sun S, Liao C, Hafez AM, Zhu H, Wu S (2018) Two-dimensional MXenes for energy storage. Chem Eng J 338:27–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2017.12.155
Tan L, Wang Y, Liu Q, Wang J, Jing X, Liu L, Liu J, Song D (2015) Enhanced adsorption of uranium (VI) using a three-dimensional layered double hydroxide/graphene hybrid material. Chem Eng J 259:752–760. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2014.08.015
Tsai W, Ibarra-Buscano S, Kan C, Futalan CM, Dalida MLP, Wan M (2016) Removal of copper, nickel, lead, and zinc using chitosan-coated montmorillonite beads in single- and multi-metal system. Desalin Water Treat 57:9799–9812. https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2015.1035676
Vogt P, De Padova P, Quaresima C, Avila J, Frantzeskakis E, Asensio MC, Resta A, Ealet B, Le Lay G (2012) Silicene: compelling experimental evidence for Graphenelike two-dimensional silicon. Phys Rev Lett 108:155501. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.155501
Wang Z, Mi B (2017) Environmental applications of 2D molybdenum Disulfide (MoS2) Nanosheets. Environ Sci Technol 51:8229–8244. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b01466
Wang Q, O’Hare D (2012) Recent advances in the synthesis and application of layered double hydroxide (LDH) Nanosheets. Chem Rev 112:4124–4155. https://doi.org/10.1021/cr200434v
Wang QH, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kis A, Coleman JN, Strano MS (2012) Electronics and optoelectronics of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides. Nat Nanotechnol 7:699–712. https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2012.193
Wang H, Yuan H, Sae Hong S, Li Y, Cui Y (2015a) Physical and chemical tuning of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides. Chem Soc Rev 44:2664–2680. https://doi.org/10.1039/c4cs00287c
Wang X, Kajiyama S, Iinuma H, Hosono E, Oro S, Moriguchi I, Okubo M, Yamada A (2015b) Pseudocapacitance of MXene nanosheets for high-power sodium-ion hybrid capacitors. Nat Commun 6:6544. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7544
Wang L, Tao W, Yuan L, Liu Z, Huang Q, Chai Z, Gibson JK, Shi W (2017a) Rational control of the interlayer space inside two-dimensional titanium carbides for highly efficient uranium removal and imprisonment. Chem Commun 53:12084–12087. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7cc06740b
Wang X, Liang Y, An W, Hu J, Zhu Y, Cui W (2017b) Removal of chromium (VI) by a self-regenerating and metal free g-C3N4/graphene hydrogel system via the synergy of adsorption and photo-catalysis under visible light. Appl Catal B Environ 219:53–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2017.07.008
Wang Z, Sim A, Urban JJ, Mi B (2018) Removal and recovery of heavy metal ions by two-dimensional MoS2 Nanosheets: performance and mechanisms. Environ Sci Technol 52:9741–9748. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b01705
Wu P, Zhang Q, Dai Y, Zhu N, Dang Z, Li P, Wu J, Wang X (2011) Adsorption of Cu(II), Cd(II) and Cr(III) ions from aqueous solutions on humic acid modified Ca-montmorillonite. Geoderma 164:215–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.06.012
Xie X, Gao L (2009) Effect of crystal structure on adsorption behaviors of nanosized TiO2 for heavy-metal cations. Curr Appl Phys 9:S185–S188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cap.2009.01.035
Xu L, Wu P (2016) Diversity of layered zeolites: from synthesis to structural modifications. New J Chem 40:3968–3981. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5NJ02829A
Yang H, Fei H (2017) Exfoliation of a two-dimensional cationic inorganic network as a new paradigm for high-capacity Cr(VI)-anion capture. Chem Commun 53:7064–7067. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7cc04375a
Yazyev OV, Kis A (2015) MoS2 and semiconductors in the flatland. Mater Today 18:20–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2014.07.005
Ying Y, Liu Y, Wang X, Mao Y, Cao W, Hu P, Peng X (2015) Two-dimensional titanium carbide for efficiently reductive removal of highly toxic chromium(VI) from water. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 7:1795–1803. https://doi.org/10.1021/am5074722
Yu J, Yu L, Yang H, Liu Q, Chen X, Jiang X, Chen X, Jiao F (2015) Graphene nanosheets as novel adsorbents in adsorption, preconcentration and removal of gases, organic compounds and metal ions. Sci Total Environ 502:70–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.08.077
Yu S, Wang X, Pang H, Zhang R, Song W, Fu D, Hayat T, Wang X (2018) Boron nitride-based materials for the removal of pollutants from aqueous solutions: a review. Chem Eng J 333:343–360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2017.09.163
Yuan Y, Zhang G, Li Y, Zhang G, Zhang F, Fan X (2013) Poly(amidoamine) modified graphene oxide as an efficient adsorbent for heavy metal ions. Polym Chem 4:2164. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3py21128b
Zhang Y, Yan L, Xu W, Guo X, Cui L, Gao L, Wei Q, Du B (2014) Adsorption of Pb(II) and Hg(II) from aqueous solution using magnetic CoFe2O4-reduced graphene oxide. J Mol Liq 191:177–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2013.12.015
Zhang Y, Zhang S, Chung T (2015) Nanometric graphene oxide framework membranes with enhanced heavy metal removal via nanofiltration. Environ Sci Technol 49:10235–10242. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b02086
Zhang Y, Zhang S, Gao J, Chung T (2016) Layer-by-layer construction of graphene oxide (GO) framework composite membranes for highly efficient heavy metal removal. J Membr Sci 515:230–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2016.05.035
Zhang C, Chen B, Bai Y, Xie J (2018) A new functionalized reduced graphene oxide adsorbent for removing heavy metal ions in water via coordination and ion exchange. Sep Sci Technol 53:2896–2905. https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2018.1497655
Zhao G, Li J, Ren X, Chen C, Wang X (2011) Few-layered graphene oxide Nanosheets as superior sorbents for heavy metal ion pollution management. Environ Sci Technol 45:10454–10462. https://doi.org/10.1021/es203439v
Zhao W, Peng J, Wang W, Liu S, Zhao Q, Huang W (2018) Ultrathin two-dimensional metal-organic framework nanosheets for functional electronic devices. Coord Chem Rev 377:44–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2018.08.023
Zhu R, Chen Q, Zhou Q, Xi Y, Zhu J, He H (2016) Adsorbents based on montmorillonite for contaminant removal from water: a review. Appl Clay Sci 123:239–258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2015.12.024
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Appendix: List of Two-Dimensional Materials that Mentioned in this Chapter for Heavy Metal Removal and their Removal Capacities
Appendix: List of Two-Dimensional Materials that Mentioned in this Chapter for Heavy Metal Removal and their Removal Capacities
Two-dimensional Materials | Metal Ion | Removal capacity (mg/g) | References |
|---|---|---|---|
GNS500 | Pb2+ | 35.2 | Huang et al. (2011) |
GNS/MnO2 | Cu2+ Pb2+ | 102 161 | Ren et al. (2012) |
Few-layered GO nanosheets | Cd2+ Co2+ | 106.3 68.2 | Zhao et al. (2011) |
GO powder | Cu2+ Zn2+ Cd2+ Pb2+ | 294 345 530 1119 | Sitko et al. (2013) |
GO/CdS(en) composite | Cu2+ | 137.2 | Jiang et al. (2015) |
Amino functionalized Fe3O4-GS | Cr6+ Pb2+ Hg2+ Cd2+ Ni2+ | 17.3 27.9 23.0 27.8 22.1 | Guo et al. (2014) |
RGOS (rGO grafted by 4-sulfophenylazo groups) | Pb2+ Cu2+ Ni2+ Cd2+ Cr3+ | 689 59 66 267 191 | Zhang et al. (2018) |
CoFe2O4-rGO composite | Pb2+ Hg2+ | 299.4 157.9 | Zhang et al. (2014) |
g-C3N4/rGH | Cr6+ | 49.7 | Wang et al. (2017b) |
rGO/LDH | U6+ | 277.8 | Tan et al. (2015) |
rGO-poly(C3N3S3) matrix | Pb2+ Hg2+ | 270 400 | Fu et al. (2019) |
Commercial MoS2 (2.98Â Ã… d-spacing) | Hg2+ | 35.5 | Ai et al. (2016) |
Interlayer widen MoS2 (9.4Â Ã… d-spacing) | Hg2+ | 2562.8 | Ai et al. (2016) |
Ce-MoS2 | Ag2+ | 980 | Wang et al. (2018) |
Alk-MXenes | Pb2+ | 140 | Peng et al. (2014b) |
Layered titanates | Ag+ Cu2+ Pb2+ Eu3+ | 546.5 202.3 563.0 264.0 | Li et al. (2012) |
Ti3C2Tx MXenes | U6+ Pb2+ Cr6+ Ba2+ Cu2+ | 214 328.9 250 9.3 78.5 | Wang et al. (2017a) Gu et al. (2019) Ying et al. (2015) Fard et al. (2017) Shahzad et al. (2017) |
Kaolinite | Cd2+ Cr6+ | 9.9 11.6 | Bhattacharyya and Gupta (2008) |
Acid-activated kaolinite | Cd2+ Cr6+ | 11.4 13.9 | Bhattacharyya and Gupta (2008) |
Montmorillonite | Cd2+ | 32.7 | Bhattacharyya and Gupta (2008) |
Acid-activated montmorillonite | Cd2+ | 33.2 | Bhattacharyya and Gupta (2008) |
Bentonite | Cd2+ | 9.3 | Bhattacharyya and Gupta (2008) |
LS-LDH | Cu2+ | 75 | Ma et al. (2016) |
EDTA-LDH | Cu2+ | 71 | Ma et al. (2016) |
MoS4-LDH | Cu 2+ Hg2+ Ag+ | 181 500 450 | Ma et al. (2016) |
RUB-15 | UO22+ Pb2+ Cd2+ | 152 338 190 | Chen et al. (2017) |
AMH-3 | Pb2+ Cu2+ Cd2+ Zn2+ | 238.5 180.3 64.3 26.6 | Kim and Kwak (2017) |
COF-S-SH | Hg2+ Hg0 | 1350 863 | Sun et al. (2017) |
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Luo, S., Chen, H. (2021). Two-Dimensional Materials for Heavy Metal Removal. In: Inamuddin, Ahamed, M.I., Lichtfouse, E., Altalhi, T. (eds) Remediation of Heavy Metals. Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World, vol 70. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80334-6_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80334-6_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-80333-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-80334-6
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)