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Nano- and Microparticles and Their Role in Inflammation and Immune Response: Focus on Neutrophil Extracellular Traps

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Biomedical Nanomaterials

Abstract

Nano- and microparticles have become a normal part of our life, starting from medical drugs and cosmetics and ending in the television screens. Many of the nanoparticles are quite dangerous since the materials they use are not easily compatible with human tissue and provoke inflammation and immune responses. However, our body has developed the response on how to cope with those nanoparticles which are causing damaging effects to cells and tissues. This response is mediated by the neutrophilic granulocytes producing neutrophil extracellular traps—a weapon used to isolate and sequester particular matter in the safe deposits in the body. This chapter focuses on the mechanisms of how nanoparticles interact with neutrophils. It will provide an example of such interaction for main groups of nanoparticles—naturally occurring in the body, those formed during pathological conditions, and artificial pollutants. Examples of beneficial use of nanoparticle-induced inflammation are described for novel nanoadjuvants.

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Abbreviations

Abs:

Absorbance

AKI:

Acute kidney inflammation

FL:

Fluorescence

MPO:

Myeloperoxidase

MPTP:

Mitochondria permeability transition pore

MSU:

Monosodium urate crystals

NE:

Neutrophil elastase

NETs:

Neutrophil extracellular traps

NOX-2:

NADPH-oxidase 2

NP:

Nanoparticle

PAD4:

Peptidylarginine deiminase 4

Pfif:

Peptidylprolyl isomerase F

PMN:

Polymorphonuclear neutrophilic granulocytes

RBC:

Red blood cells

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

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Acknowledgement

We dedicate this work in memory of Sofia Peshkova.

We thank Prof. Martin Herrmann, Prof. Sabine Szunerits, Prof. Gleb Yushin, Dr. Kostiantyn Turcheniuk, and Dr. Luis Munoz for their valuable ideas and discussions.

This work was financially supported by Cedars Sinai Medical Center’s International Research and Innovation in Medicine Program, the Association for Regional Cooperation in the Fields of Health, Science and Technology (RECOOP HST Association) RCSS grant 020, and BMYSRG 015; Grant of Ministry of Healthcare of Ukraine 0119U101338 and National Research Foundation of Ukraine 2020.02/0131; Volkswagen-Stiftung grant No 97744; Sila Nanotechnologies, Inc.

This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreements No 872331 NoBiasFluors and 861878 NeutroCure. Servier Medical Art is acknowledged as a source of some illustrative material.

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  1. Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine

    Galyna Bila, Andrii Rabets & Rostyslav Bilyy

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  1. Galyna Bila
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  2. Andrii Rabets
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  1. Head of Department of Regulation of Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis, Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine

    Rostyslav S. Stoika

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Bila, G., Rabets, A., Bilyy, R. (2022). Nano- and Microparticles and Their Role in Inflammation and Immune Response: Focus on Neutrophil Extracellular Traps. In: Stoika, R.S. (eds) Biomedical Nanomaterials. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76235-3_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76235-3_6

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