Abstract
This chapter outlines the policy context for tobacco control and how this has changed in recent decades. The chapter identifies key policy-making organs of the state and the turning point around 2012–2013 that moved China from the reform era of ‘fragmented authoritarianism’ to a more strategic and centralised system of ‘top-level policy design’. Historical and current challenges to tobacco control in China include community understanding of the harms of smoking and social norms surrounding tobacco consumption; national political leadership for tobacco control; the central and local institutional environments in which tobacco control occurs; the strategies used by the industry to resist tobacco control; and the experience of advocacy in civil society. A critical review of the tobacco control narrative since 1979 includes early efforts to promote tobacco control (1979–1999); the period (1999–2006) occupied negotiating the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC); efforts towards implementation (2007–2012); and the period after 2012 when the new focus on central ‘political steering’ and ‘top-level design’ provided better prospects for action. The final section assesses current barriers to tobacco control and the changing positions of the ‘players’ in the shifting policy field.
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Barnett, P., Zhang, W., Jiang, S. (2021). Policy Environments for Tobacco Control. In: Barnett, R., Yang, T., Yang, X.Y. (eds) Smoking Environments in China . Global Perspectives on Health Geography. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76143-1_7
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