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AIM in Anesthesiology

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Artificial Intelligence in Medicine

Abstract

This chapter focuses on applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in anesthesiology. Anesthesiology is the field of healthcare involved with providing a state of controlled, temporary loss of sensation or awareness that is induced for medical purposes such as a surgical intervention. It may include a combination of various components including analgesia, amnesia, unconsciousness, and muscle relaxation. Anesthesiology is mostly a technical field, heavily protocolized and data-intensive (due to all the monitoring equipment in place), which makes it the perfect environment to deploy AI tools. In this chapter, we review in detail the main applications of AI in the operating room, sorted in four main domains: (1) monitoring of the depth of anesthesia, (2) control of administration of anesthetic drugs (hypnotics, opioids, and/or muscle relaxants), (3) hemodynamic control (mostly titration of fluids and vasopressor therapy), and (4) risk prediction and prediction of events (e.g., predict surgery length or postoperative complications). In addition, we analyzed the degree of maturity of these various technologies. While many of these applications can have a large impact on quality and safety of care surrounding anesthesia, the maturity of these technologies is in general very low, and most of the applications published describe tools that have not received prospective evaluation. Only a handful of randomized trials comparing standard of care to the tandem AI doctor could be identified. Finally, we conclude with an assessment of the current practical implications of AI for practicing anesthesiologists.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK

    Matthieu Komorowski

  2. Intensive Care Unit, Charing Cross Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK

    Matthieu Komorowski

  3. Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Hôpital De Bicêtre, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France

    Alexandre Joosten

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Correspondence to Matthieu Komorowski .

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  1. Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

    Niklas Lidströmer

  2. Imperial College London, London, UK

    Hutan Ashrafian

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Komorowski, M., Joosten, A. (2022). AIM in Anesthesiology. In: Lidströmer, N., Ashrafian, H. (eds) Artificial Intelligence in Medicine. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64573-1_246

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