Abstract
This book has been written by a group of researchers who worked together variously over 2000–2015, who broadly share a commitment to educational research that leads to social justice. This introductory chapter sets out what we understand social justice to mean, and how this gives a particular connotation to the terms ‘educational science’ and ‘the public good’. We share the same approach to the nature of educational policy research and its purposes, namely that it should be designed and conducted with the intention of illuminating or having an effect on public educational policy, and that this effect should be generally to counter the inequalities between the treatment and outcomes of different social groups within society, whether those groups were determined with respect to class, gender, ethnicity, disability, and other social categories. These values, we argue, are central and critical components of our professional and intellectual research and judgments. They contribute to what we conceive of as the public good: a society in which structural inequalities are minimised; where diverse identities are valued; outcomes (educational and other) for individuals and groups are broadly equal; all individuals are valued and have agency; and all members of society are engaged and empowered.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
Beside the authors of this volume, those working in IPSE have included Sarah Adams, Kim Allen, Louise Archer, Jacinta Dalgety, Becky Francis, Katie Glass, Anna Halsall, Sumi Hollingworth, Kathy James, Charine John, Kuyok Kuyok, Sarah McCreith, Ayo Mansaray, Heather Mendick, Maria Tsouroufli, Paul O’Connell, Gill O’Toole, Rossana Perez del Aguila, Jocey Quinn, Jebi Rahman, Diane Reay, Jocelyn Robson, Nicola Rollock, Anthea Rose, Katya Williams and Hiromi Yamashita.
References
Alexander, R. (2014). Evidence, policy and the reform of primary education: A cautionary tale. Forum, 56(3), 252–375.
Anderson, B. (1991, revised edition). Imagined communities: Reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism. London: Verso.
Appadurai, A. (1996). Number in the colonial imagination. In C. Breckenridge & P. van der Veer (Eds.), Orientalism and the postcolonial predicament: Perspectives on south Asia (pp. 314–339). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Archer, L., Hutchings, M., & Ross, A. (2003). Higher education and social class: Issues of exclusion and inclusion. London: Routledge/Falmer.
Arnett, J. (2008). The neglected 95%: Why American psychology needs to become less American. American Psychologist, 63(7), 602–614.
Arnold, M. (1878). Equality. Fortnightly Review, 23(135), 313–334. (1 March 1878; published London: Chapman and Hall.) Retrieved from https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=inu.30000093208720&view=1up&seq=340
Baker, M. (2016). 1,500 scientists lift the lid on reproducibility: Survey sheds light on the ‘crisis’ rocking research. Nature, 533(7604), 452–454.
Balestra, C., & Tonkin, R. (2018). Inequalities in household wealth across OECD countries: Evidence from the OECD wealth distribution database. Working Paper 88. Paris: OECD Publishing.
Ball, S. (1994). Education reform: A critical and post-structural approach. Buckingham: Open University Press.
Ball, S. (2003). Class strategies and the education market: The middle classes and social advantage. Abingdon. Routledge.
Begley, G., & Ellis, L. (2012). Drug development: Raise standards for preclinical cancer research. Nature, 483(7391), 531–533.
Belfiore, E. (2011). The ‘transformative power’ of the arts; history of an idea. In J. Sefton-Green, P. Thompson, K. Jones, & L. Bresler (Eds.), The Routledge international handbook of creative learning (pp. 27–35). Abingdon: Routledge.
Bentham, J. (1991 [1776]). The collected works of Jeremy Bentham: Constitutional Code Volume 1. Burns, F. & Rosen, J. (Eds.). London: Athlone Press.
Berdiansky, B., Cronnell, B., & Koehler, J. (1969). Spelling–sound relations and primary form-class descriptions for speech comprehension vocabularies of 6–9 year olds. Technical Report No. 15. Los Alamitos: Southwest Regional Laboratory for Educational Research and Development.
Bohr, N. (1928, April 14). The quantum postulate and the recent development of atomic theory. Nature, 121, 580–590.
Born, M., & Heisenberg, W. (1925). Über quantentheoretische umdeutung kinematischer und mechanischer beziehungen. Zeitschrift für Physik, 33, 879–893.
Bourdieu, P., & Passeron, J.-C. (1990 [1970]). Reproduction in education, society and culture (2nd ed.). London: Sage. [Translated by R. Nice, from Bourdieu, P., & Passeron, J.-C. (1970). La reproduction: Éléments pour une théorie du système d’enseignement. Paris: Les Éditions de Minuit].
Bowles, S., & Gintis, H. (1976). Schooling in capitalist America: Educational reform and the contradictions of economic life. New York: Basic Books.
Bøyum, S. (2014). Fairness in education – A normative analysis of OECD policy documents. Journal of Education Policy, 29(6), 856–870.
Brubaker, R. (2016). Trans: Gender and race in an age of unsettled identities. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Camerer, C., Nosek, B., Dreber, A., et al. (2018). Evaluating the replicability of social science experiments in Nature and Science between 2010 and 2015. Nature Human Behaviour, 2(9), 637–644.
Curriculum Review Group [Scotland]. (2004). Curriculum for excellence. Edinburgh: Scottish Executive.
d’Agnese, V. (2018a). Concealment and advertising: Unravelling OECD’s educational rhetoric. Šolsko polje: Revija za teorijo in raziskave vzgoje in izobraževanja [The School Field: Journal of Theory and Research in Education], 29(1–2), 11–32.
d’Agnese, V. (2018b). Reclaiming education in the age of PISA: Challenging OECD’s educational order. Abingdon: Routledge.
Decimo, F., & Gribaldo, A. (2017). Nation, migration and kinship through identity categorization. In F. Decimo & A. Gribaldo (Eds.), Boundaries within: Nation, kinship and identity among migrants and minorities (pp. 3–21). Cham: Springer.
DfE [Department for Education, UK, England]. (2015). Reading: the next steps: Supporting higher standards in schools [DFE-00094-2015]. March 2015. London: Department for Education.
Duke, C. (2016). “Critical friend commentary” on Geoff Layer, ‘Influencing change through a strategic approach to student attainment’. In G. Steventon, D. Cureton, & L. Clouder (Eds.), Student attainment in higher education: Issues, controversies and debates (p. 5). London: Routledge.
European Commission. (2007). Towards a more knowledge-based policy and practice in education and training [SEC(2007) 1098; Commission Staff Working Document]. Brussels: European Commission.
European Union. (2000). Presidency conclusions, Lisbon European Council, 23–24 March. Brussels: European Union.
Foucault, M.. (1977 [1975]). Discipline and punish: The birth of the modern prison. New York: Vintage. [Translated by A. Sheridan from Foucault, M. (1975). Surveiller et punir: Naissance de la prison. Paris: Gallimard].
Fox, A. (1956). Class and equality. Socialist Commentary, May, 11–13.
Francis, B. (2011). Increasing impact? An analysis of issues raised by the impact agenda in educational research. Scottish Educational Review, 43(2), 4–16.
Francis, B., & Mills, M. (2012). What would a socially just education system look like? Journal of Education Policy, 27(5), 577–585.
Fretwell, F. (2021). Between home and school: Mobilising ‘hard to reach’ White British parents to engage with their children’s education. In Ross. A. (Ed) Educational research for social justice (pp. 97–116). Cham: Springer.
Gewirtz, S. (1998). Conceptualizing social justice in education: Mapping the territory. Journal of Education Policy, 13(4), 469–484.
Gibb, N. (2015a). The purpose of education. Address to the Education Reform Summit, 9 July. Retrieved from https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/the-purpose-of-education
Gini, C. (1911). Variabilità e mutabilità: Contributo allo studio delle distribuzioni e delle relazioni statistiche. Studi Economico-Giuridici della Facoltà di Giurisprudenza della Regia Università di Cagliari, 3(2), 1–157.
Gini, C. (1936). On the measure of concentration with special reference to income and statistics. Colorado College Publication, General Series, 208, 73–79.
Gosling, S., Vazire, S., Srivastava, S., & John, O. (2004). Should we trust web-based studies? A comparative analysis of six preconceptions about internet questionnaires. American Psychologist, 59(2), 93–104.
Grek, S. (2009). Governing by numbers: The PISA ‘effect’ in Europe. Journal of Education Policy, 24(1), 23–37.
Griffiths, M. (Ed.). (2003). Action for social justice in education: Fairly different. Maidenhead: Open University Press.
Griffiths, M. (2012). Why joy in education is an issue for socially just policies. Journal of Education Policy, 27(5), 544–670.
Hammersley, M. (1997). Educational research and teaching: a response to David Hargreaves’ TTA lecture. British Educational Research Journal, 23(2), 141–161.
Hargreaves, D. (1996). Teaching as a research-based profession: Possibilities and prospects: Teacher Training Agency Annual Lecture 1996. London: Teacher Training Agency. [Reprinted in M. Hammersley, (Ed.), Educational research and evidence-based practice, (2007), pp. 18–42. London: Sage/Milton Keynes: Open University Press.]
Hartsmar, N., Leathwood, C., Ross, A. & Spinthourakis, J. (2021). Can educational programmes address social inequity? Some examples from Europe. In Ross. A. (Ed) Educational research for social justice (pp. 271–297). Cham: Springer.
Hayek, F. (1944). The road to serfdom. London: Routledge.
Hayler, M., & Williams, J. (2016). On the journey of becoming a teacher educator. In J. Williams & M. Hayler (Eds.), Professional learning through transitions and transformation (pp. 1–12). Cham: Springer.
Hegel, G. (1985 [1840]). The science of laws, morals and religion. In George, M., & Vincent, A. (Eds.), The philosophical propaedeutic (pp. 1–54). London: Blackwell. [Translated by A. Miller, from Rechtslehre. In G. Hegel, (1840). Philosophische Propädeutik, (K. Rosenkranz, Ed.), pp. 33–53. Berlin: Duncker and Humblot].
Henrich, J., Heine, S., & Norenzayan, A. (2010). The weirdest people in the world? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 33(2–3), 61–83.
Hutchings, M. (2021a). Accountability, social justice and educational research. In Ross. A. (Ed) Educational research for social justice (pp. 45–78). Cham: Springer.
Hutchings, M. (2021b). Inequality, social mobility and the ‘glass floor’: How more affluent parents secure educational advantage for their children. In Ross. A. (Ed) Educational research for social justice (pp. 137–169). Cham: Springer.
Hutchings, M., Menter, I., Ross, A., Thomson, D., & Bedford, D. (2000). Teacher supply and retention in London 1998–99: A study of six London boroughs. London: Teacher Training Agency.
Joseph Rowntree Foundation. (1997). Income mobility in Britain (Social Policy Research Report 121). York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation.
Judt, T. (2011). Ill fares the land: A treatise on our present discontents. London: Penguin.
Jurist, E. (2000). Beyond Hegel and Nietzsche: Philosophy, culture and agency. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Kertzer, D. (2017). The perils of reification: Identity categories and identity construction in migration research. In F. Decimo & A. Gribaldo (Eds.), Boundaries within nation, kinship and identity among migrants and minorities (pp. 23–34). Cham: Springer.
Kertzer, D., & Arel, D. (2002). Censuses and identity: The politics of ethnicity, race and language in national censuses. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Koutsouris, G., & Norwich, B. (2018). What exactly do RTC findings tell us in educational research. British Educational Research Journal, 44(6), 939–959.
Laswell, H. (1936). Politics: Who gets what, when, how. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Leathwood, C., & O’Connell, P. (2003). ‘It’s a struggle’: the construction of the ‘new student’ in higher education. Journal of Education Policy, 18(6), 597–615.
Mance, H. (2016). Britain has had enough of experts, says Gove. Financial Times. 3 June. Retrieved from https://www.ft.com/content/3be49734-29cb-11e6-83e4-abc22d5d108c
Maylor, U. (2021). Curriculum Diversity and Social Justice Education: From New Labour to Conservative Government Control of Education in England. In Ross. A. (Ed) Educational research for social justice (pp. 223–247). Cham: Springer.
McCallum, A.(2021) Who gets to be creative in class? Creativity as a matter of social justice in secondary English lessons. In Ross. A. (Ed) Educational research for social justice (pp. 79–95). Cham: Springer.
Menter, I., Hutchings, M., & Ross, A. (Eds.). (2002). The crisis in teacher supply: Research and strategies for retention. Trentham: Stoke on Trent.
Menter, I. (2021). Snake oil or hard struggle? Research to address the reality of social injustice in education. In Ross. A. (Ed) Educational research for social justice (pp. 29–44). Cham: Springer.
Minty, S. (2021). Ability to learn, or ability to pay? How family and finance influence young people’s higher education decisions in Scotland. In Ross. A. (Ed) Educational research for social justice (pp. 117–135). Cham: Springer.
Moore, B. (1967). Social origins of dictatorship and democracy: Lord and peasant in the making of the modern world. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Moreau, M-P. (2021). The masculinisation of the teaching profession or gynophobia as education policy. In Ross. A. (Ed) Educational research for social justice (pp. 189–203). Cham: Springer.
Nachtwey, O. (2018 [2016]). Germany’s hidden crisis: Social decline in the heart of Europe. London: Verso. [Translated by D. Fernbach and L. Balhorn, from O. Natchwey. (2016). Die abstiegsgesellschaft: Über das aufbegehren in der regressiven moderne. Berlin: Suhrkamp].
Nicaise, I. (Ed.). (2000). The right to learn: Educational strategies for socially excluded youth in Europe. Bristol: Policy Press.
Nicoll, K., Fejes, A., Olson, M., Dahlstedt, M., & Biesta, G. (2013). Opening discourses of citizenship education: A theorization with Foucault. Journal of Education Policy, 28(6), 828–846.
Norton, M., & Ariely, D. (2011). Building a better America – One quartile at a time. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 6(9), 9–12.
OECD [Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development]. (2012). Education at a glance 2012: OECD indicators. Paris: OECD Publishing.
Olusoga, D. (2019). I dislike the link to empire, but it felt wrong to turn down an OBE. The Observer, 6 January. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/jan/06/i-dislike-the-link-to-empire-but-it-felt-wrong-to-reject-an-obe
ONS [Office for National Statistics]. (2015). UK labour market: October 2015. London: ONS.
ONS (2018a). Household disposable income and inequality in the UK: Financial year ending 2017, Table 3.1a. London: ONS.
ONS (2018b). Wealth in Great Britain Wave 4, 2014 to 2016. London: ONS.
Osgood, J. (2021). In pursuit of worldly justice in Early Childhood Education: bringing critique and creation into productive partnership for the public good. In Ross. A. (Ed) Educational research for social justice (pp. 171–188). Cham: Springer.
Papadopoulos, G. (1994). Education 1960–1990: The OECD perspective. Paris: OECD.
Pinker, S. (2018). Enlightenment now: The case for reason, science, humanism and progress. London: Allen Lane.
Rawls, J. (1971). A theory of justice. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Read, B. & Leathwood, C. (2021). Gender and the politics of knowledge in the academy. In Ross. A. (Ed) Educational research for social justice (pp. 205–222). Cham: Springer.
Reay, D. (2006a). The zombie stalking English schools: Social class and educational inequality. British Journal of Educational Studies, 54(3), 288–307.
Reay, D. (2011). Schooling for democracy: A common school and a common university? A response to ‘Schooling for democracy’. Democracy and Education, 19(1), Article 6. Retrieved from https://democracyeducationjournal.org/home/vol19/iss1/6
Reay, D. (2012). What would a socially just education system look like? Saving the minnows from the pike. Journal of Education Policy, 27(5), 587–577.
Reay, D. (2017). Miseducation: Inequality, education and the working class. Bristol: Policy Press.
Rey, O. (2010). The use of external assessments and the impact on education systems. In S. Stoney (Ed.), Beyond Lisbon 2010: Perspectives from research and development for education policy in Europe [CIDREE Yearbook 2010] (pp. 239–258). Sint-Katelijne-Waver: Consortium of Institutions for Development and Research in Education in Europe.
Rezai-Rashtini, G., Segeren, A., & Martino, W. (2017). The new articulation of equity education in neoliberal times: The changing conception of social justice in Ontario. Globalisation, Societies and Education, 15(2), 160–174.
Rizvi, F. (2013). Equity and marketisation: A brief commentary. Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education, 34(2), 274–278.
Rizvi, F., & Lingard, B. (2009). The OECD and global shifts in education policy. In R. Cowen & A. Kazamias (Eds.), International handbook of comparative education (pp. 437–453). Dordrecht: Springer.
Rochat, P. (2010). What is really wrong with a priori claims of universality? Sampling, validity, process level, and the irresistible drive to reduce. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 33(2/3), 107–108.
Ross, A. (Ed.). (2000a). Developing identities in Europe: Citizenship education and higher education. London: Children’s Identity and Citizenship in Europe Academic Network.
Ross, A. (2002). A representative profession: Ethnic minority teachers. In M. Johnson & J. Hallgarten (Eds.), From victims of change to agents of change: The future of the teaching profession (pp. 101–124). London: Institute for Public Policy Research.
Ross, A. (2012). Recruiting and supporting teachers from diverse backgrounds. In S. Gonçalves & M. Carpenter (Eds.), Intercultural education and policies (pp. 15–38). Berne: Peter Lang.
Ross, A. (2021b). The Construction of Political Identities: Young Europeans’ Deliberation on ‘the Public Good’. In Ross. A. (Ed) Educational research for social justice (pp. 249–270). Cham: Springer.
Ross, A. (2021c). The problem of the public good and the implications for researching educational policies for social justice. In Ross. A. (Ed) Educational research for social justice (pp. 299–314). Cham: Springer.
Ross, A., & Hutchings, M. (2003). Attracting, developing and retaining effective teachers in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: OECD country background report. CBR/UK(2003). Paris: OECD.
Ross, A., & Leathwood, C. (2013). Problematising early school leaving. European Journal of Education, 48(3), 405–418.
Rozin, P. (2001). Social psychology and science: Some lessons from Solomon Asch. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 5(1), 2–14.
Ryan, C., & Sibieta, L. (2010). Private schooling in the UK and Australia. London: Institute for Fiscal Studies.
Sardoč, M. (2018). The Language of neoliberal education: Problems, challenges and opportunities. Šolsko polje: Revija za teorijo in raziskave vzgoje in izobraževanja [The School Field: Journal of Theory and Research in Education], 29(1–2), 5–10.
Sen, A. (1993). Capability and well-being. In M. Nussbaum & A. Sen (Eds.), The quality of life (pp. 30–53). Oxford University Press: Oxford.
Smith, A. (1970 [1776]). An inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations. London: Strahan and Cadell. (Quotations from 1970 edition, edited by A. Skinner. London: Penguin).
Starmans, C., Sheskin, M., & Bloom, P. (2017). Why people prefer unequal societies. Nature Human Behaviour, 1(0082), 1–7.
Strand, S. (2012). The White British–Black Caribbean achievement gap: tests, tiers and teacher expectations. British Educational Research Journal, 38(1), 75–101.
Štremfel, U. (2018). European neoliberal discourse and Slovenian educational space. Šolsko polje: Revija za teorijo in raziskave vzgoje in izobraževanja [The School Field: Journal of Theory and Research in Education], 29(1–2), 106–125.
Tawney, R. (1931). Equality; The Halley Stewart lectures, 1929. London: George Allen and Unwin.
Torretti, R. (1999). The philosophy of physics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Vertovec, S. (2007). Super-diversity and its implications. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 30(6), 1024–1054.
Vincent, C. (2003). Social justice education and identity. London: Routledge.
Walker, M., & Unterhalter, E. (2007). Amartya Sen’s capability approach and social justice in education. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Wilkinson, R., & Pickett, K. (2009). The spirit level: Why more equal societies almost always do better. London: Allen Lane.
Wilkinson, R., & Pickett, K. (2018). The inner level: How more equal societies reduce stress, restore sanity and improve everyone’s wellbeing. London: Allen Lane.
Young, M. (1958). The rise of the meritocracy, 1870–2033: An essay on education and equality. London: Thames and Hudson.
Young, M. (2001). Down with meritocracy. The Guardian, 21 June. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2001/jun/29/comment
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ross, A. (2021). What do educational science and the public good mean in the context of educational research for social justice?. In: Ross, A. (eds) Educational Research for Social Justice . Education Science, Evidence, and the Public Good, vol 1. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62572-6_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62572-6_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-62571-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-62572-6
eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)