Synonyms
BCL-1 G1/S-specific cyclin-D1; CCND1; PRAD1
Definition
Cyclins are the key proteins regulating the transition through cell cycle, and they are so called due to their cyclical nature of production and degradation. Cyclin D1, in particular, increases during the early stage of G1 phase in order to make the cell cycle proceed.
Features
The progression through cell cycle is orchestrated by kinases, which were discovered in a second moment and are activated when bound to cyclins. The complex made of cyclin and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) then phosphorylates its target protein which leads the cell through its normal cycle. As cells proceed along the cycle, four major cyclins are involved in succession. First, cyclin D, afterward cyclin E, then cyclin A, and lastly, cyclin B. They all trigger different CDKs.
Cyclin D1 gene (CCND1) is found on the long arm of chromosome 11, in 11q13 region. Cyclin D1expression increases during the early phase of G1 and controls CDK4/6 complex. The...
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References and Further Reading
Funk, J. O. (1999). Cancer cell cycle control. Anticancer Research, 19(6A), 4772–4780.
Mallya, S. M., & Arnold, A. (2000). Cyclin D1 in parathyroid disease. Frontiers in Bioscience, 5(1), d367.
Palmqvist, R., Rutegård, J. N., Bozoky, B., Landberg, G., & Stenling, R. (2000). Human colorectal cancers with an intact p16/cyclin D1/pRb pathway have up-regulated p16 expression and decreased proliferation in small invasive tumor clusters. The American Journal of Pathology, 157(6), 1947–1953.
Sherr, C. J. (1996). Cancer cell cycles. Science, 274(5293), 1672–1677.
Specht, K., Kremer, M., Müller, U., Dirnhofer, S., Rosemann, M., Höfler, H., et al. (2002). Identification of cyclin D1 mRNA overexpression in B-cell neoplasia by real-time reverse transcription-PCR of microdissected paraffin sections. Clinical Cancer Research, 8(9), 2902–2911.
Vasef, M. A., Jeffrey Medeiros, L., Koo, C., Mccourty, A., & Brynes, R. K. (1997). Cyclin D1 immunohistochemical staining is useful in distinguishing mantle cell lymphoma from other low-grade B-cell neoplasms in bone marrow. American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 108(3), 302–307.
Vasef, M. A., Brynes, R. K., Sturm, M., Bromley, C., & Robinson, R. A. (1999). Expression of cyclin D1 in parathyroid carcinomas, adenomas, and hyperplasia: A paraffin immunohistochemical study. Modern Pathology: An Official Journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc, 12(4), 412–416.
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Chiaravalli, A.M., D’Amato Pascarella, R. (2022). Cyclin D1. In: La Rosa, S., Uccella, S. (eds) Endocrine Pathology. Encyclopedia of Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62345-6_5077
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62345-6_5077
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