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Sampling Strategies in Dynamic Hyperpolarized NMR

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Dynamic Hyperpolarized Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

Part of the book series: Handbook of Modern Biophysics ((HBBT))

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Abstract

Dynamic hyperpolarized (HP) metabolic imaging, using agents such as [1-13C]pyruvate, requires sampling strategies that accommodate space, time, and spectral domains. Nonrecoverable multinuclear magnetization is the feature of hyperpolarized magnetic resonance (MR) with the greatest impact on how different elements of MR pulse sequences can be used. This chapter introduces the features of hyperpolarized 13C MR metabolic imaging and the pulse sequences used to optimally sample these data.

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Further Reading

  • With translation of this metabolic imaging method well under way (Kurhanewicz J et al., NEO 2019), selecting and optimizing data acquisition protocol for different applications will require careful consideration and potentially further experimentations. Incorporating different sampling strategy to highlight or suppress certain metabolic contrasts may also help to distinguish between different tissue types or interrogate metabolic changes due to diseases. For further reading see also:

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  • Chen, H.Y., Gordon, J.W., Bok, R.A., Cao, P., von Morze, C., van Criekinge, M., Milshteyn, E., Carvajal, L., Hurd, R.E., Kurhanewicz, J., Vigneron, D.B., Larson, P.E.Z.: Pulse sequence considerations for quantification of pyruvate-to-lactate conversion kPL in hyperpolarized (13) C imaging. NMR Biomed. 32(3), e4052 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1002/nbm.4052

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  • Hurd, R.E., Yen, Y.F., Chen, A., Ardenkjaer-Larsen, J.H.: Hyperpolarized 13C metabolic imaging using dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization. J Magn Reson Imaging. 36(6), 1314–1328 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1002/jmri.23753

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Acknowledgments

We acknowledge funding support from NIH (P41 EB015891, AA05965, AA018681, AA13521-INIA, and EB009070), The Lucas Foundation, and GE Healthcare.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Radiological Imaging Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA

    Ralph E. Hurd

  2. General Electric Healthcare, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Albert P. Chen

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  1. Ralph E. Hurd
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Correspondence to Ralph E. Hurd .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA

    Thomas Jue

  2. Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Dirk Mayer

Problems

Problems

  1. 1.

    At 3 T using an RF pulse with a bandwidth of 1000 Hz to obtain a 5 mm slice, what would the spatial offset be between [2-13C]pyruvate at 208 ppm and [2-13C]lactate at 71 ppm?

  2. 2.

    To measure a shift in oxidative and glycolytic metabolism (e.g., the Warburg effect), a ratio of the products [1-13C]lactate and [13C]bicarbonate or [2-13C]lactate and [5-13C]glutamate can be used. In this case, is there value or disadvantage in measuring signal from the injected [13C]pyruvate?

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Hurd, R.E., Chen, A.P. (2021). Sampling Strategies in Dynamic Hyperpolarized NMR. In: Jue, T., Mayer, D. (eds) Dynamic Hyperpolarized Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Handbook of Modern Biophysics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55043-1_4

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