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Stroke Pathophysiology

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Vascular Neurology Board Review

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Abstract

Cerebral autoregulation and mechanisms of cellular ischemia are crucial concepts for stroke pathophysiology. The effective stroke clinician requires core knowledge of normal brain physiology and blood flow and how these processes are affected during ischemia and hemorrhage. A basic understanding of these concepts will serve you well for the boards and help guide treatment for your patients.

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Abbreviations

AMPA:

α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazoleproprionic acid receptor

ATP:

Adenosine triphosphate

BBB:

Blood–brain barrier

CBF:

Cerebral blood flow

CBV:

Cerebral blood volume

CMRO:

Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen

CPP:

Cerebral perfusion pressure

CVR:

Cerebral vascular resistance

ICP:

Intracranial pressure

MAP:

Mean arterial pressure

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

MTT:

Mean transit time

OEF:

Oxygen extraction fraction

Suggested Reading

  1. Caplan LR. Basic pathology, anatomy, and pathophysiology of stroke. In: Caplan’s stroke: a clinical approach. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier; 2009.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Deb P, Sharma S, Hassan KM. Pathophysiologic mechanisms of acute ischemic stroke: an overview with emphasis on therapeutic significance beyond thrombolysis. Pathophysiology. 2010;17:197.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Medical Stroke Director, Assistant Professor of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine Yale-New Haven Hospital, St. Raphael Campus, New Haven, CT, USA

    Hardik P. Amin

  2. Clinical Chief Division of Vascular Neurology, Director of Yale New Haven Comprehensive Stroke Center, Associate Professor of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA

    Joseph L. Schindler

Authors
  1. Hardik P. Amin
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  2. Joseph L. Schindler
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Medical Stroke Director, Assistant Professor of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale-New Haven Hospital, St. Raphael Campus, New Haven, CT, USA

    Hardik P. Amin

  2. Clinical Chief Division of Vascular Neurology, Director of Yale New Haven Comprehensive Stroke Center, Associate Professor of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA

    Joseph L. Schindler

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Cite this chapter

Amin, H.P., Schindler, J.L. (2020). Stroke Pathophysiology. In: Amin, H.P., Schindler, J.L. (eds) Vascular Neurology Board Review. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52552-1_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52552-1_6

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-52551-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-52552-1

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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