Abstract
Agriculture is the leading source of non-point source of water pollution mainly due to excess application of the fertilizers by the farmers to obtain more yield. The major portion of the applied fertilizer is being lost to the environment causing degradation of the land and water resources. One of the possible ways to deal with this problem in recent years comes out to be the application of nano-fertilizers in agriculture. Controlled release of nutrients is possible through the application of nano-fertilizers. Moreover, application of nutrients in nano form (nano-fertilizers) makes it easier for the plants to utilize the nutrients in a better way. But, the fate, mobility and transport of nano-fertilizers is still a question that is not been answered in recent times. An attempt was made in this study to know the mobility and transport of the nano-fertilizers such as nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) and urea doped nano-hydroxyapatite (Ur@nHAP) in the soil. Results from the soil column studies indicated that leaching of NH4-N and NO3-N were 55% less in case of Ur@nHAP treatment compared to Urea treatment and Ortho-P leaching was 128% less in case of both nano-fertilizer (nHAP and Ur@nHAP) treatments compared to Superphosphate treatments. The rate of transport of Phosphorus was found to be about half that of Nitrogen. Hence the application of nano-fertilizers to the soil may be environmentally safe and effective for crop production. However, more extensive studies with modelling tools may be needed to understand the mobility and transport of nano-fertilizers in different soil types.
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Acknowledgements
This work was generously supported by a major grant from the Food security-MHRD, Government of India (Grant No: 4-25/2013-TS-1).
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Durgam, M., Mailapalli, D.R. (2021). Transport of Nano-plant Nutrients in Lateritic Soils. In: Pandey, A., Mishra, S., Kansal, M., Singh, R., Singh, V. (eds) Climate Impacts on Water Resources in India. Water Science and Technology Library, vol 95. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51427-3_9
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