Abstract
Heavy metals are the most important pollutants due to their adverse effects on ecology, genetic, nutrition, and environment. They are essential for organism in trace amounts, but become toxic and hazardous when they exceed certain threshold concentrations. Various water treatment methods have been applying heavy metal removal from wastewater effluents. But, the adsorption process stands out due to cost-effectiveness and easy applicability of adsorption. On the other hand, clays and clay minerals such as montmorillonite, kaolinite, clinoptilolite, and zeolite are convenient adsorbents for heavy metals as regards their low cost, environment-friendly nature, abundancy, high specific surface area, small particle size, high cation exchange capacity, applicability in a wide pH range, and high chemical stability. Recently nanocomposites have been preferred because of their improved thermal, mechanical, magnetic, and electric properties. The addition of low amount of clay into polymers results in enhancing optical, flammability and barrier properties.
The aim of this review is to introduce removal efficiency and environmental remediation capability of different types of composites of montmorillonite for heavy metal ions. In this review, montmorillonite was specifically considered in terms of high affinity to adsorb heavy metals and excellent ion-exchange properties. Further investment about the adsorption properties of polymeric, metal oxide, and biosorbent composites of montmorillonite was performed as regards possible interaction mechanism and the latest environmental application.
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Hızal, J., Yılmazoğlu, M. (2021). Montmorillonite Clay Composite for Heavy Metal Removal from Water. In: Inamuddin, Ahamed, M., Lichtfouse, E., Asiri, A. (eds) Green Adsorbents to Remove Metals, Dyes and Boron from Polluted Water. Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World, vol 49. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47400-3_4
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