Abstract
The wetting properties of graphite were measured with the immersion/emersion technique in a high temperature alumina reduction cell. The wetting was measured at untreated, polarised and anode effect polarised samples. Most measurements were made in melts with 1 wt% alumina, although some measurements were performed at higher alumina content. As long as passivation (i.e. anode effect) was not initiated polarisation improved the wettability significantly and the wetting increased with increased polarisation. Anodes polarised to anode effect exhibited consistently very poor wetting. Most of the decrease in wetting occurred during the first few seconds of the anode effect, with full de-wetting from about 60 s.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
K.C. Mills, E.D. Hondros, Z. Li, Journal of Materials Science 40(9–10), 2403 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-005-1966-z
A. Solheim, H. Gudbrandsen, A.M. Martinez, K.E. Einarsrud, I. Eick, in Light Metals 2015 (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, USA, 2015), pp. 671–676. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119093435.ch113
A.M. Martinez, O. Paulsen, A. Solheim, H. Gudbrandsen, I. Eick, in Light Metals 2015 (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, USA, 2015), pp. 665–670. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119093435.ch112
J.B. Metson, R.G. Haverkamp, M.M. Hyland, J. Chen, in Light Metals 2002 (The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, Warrendale, PA, USA, 2002), pp. 239–244
H. Vogt, Journal of Applied Electrochemistry 29(7), 779 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1003575232103
E. Laé, V. Sahajwalla, B. Welch, M. Skyllas-Kazacos, Journal of Applied Electrochemistry 35(2), 199 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10800-004-6201-0
K. Grjotheim, C. Krohn, M. Malinovský, K. Matiašovský, J. Thonstad, Aluminium Electrolysis: Fundamentals of the Hall-Héroult Process, 2nd edn. (Aluminium-Verlag, Düsseldorf, 1982)
K. Matiašovský, M. Paučírová, M. Malinovský, Chemické Zvesti 17, 181 (1963). http://www.chemicalpapers.com/file_access.php?file=173a181.pdf
L. Wasilewski, L. Piszczek, Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Ślaskiej 24(106), 51 (1964). http://delibra.bg.polsl.pl/Content/31768/BCPS_35087_1964_Wplyw-dzialania-sil-.pdf
Y. Yuan, T.R. Lee, in Surface Science Techniques, Springer Series in Surface Sciences, vol. 51, ed. by G. Bracco, B. Holst (Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2013), pp. 3–34. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34243-1_1
T. Young, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 95(0), 65 (1805). https://doi.org/10.1098/rstl.1805.0005
R. Finn, J. McCuan, H.C. Wente, Journal of Mathematical Fluid Mechanics 14(3), 445 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00021-011-0079-5
V.M. Starov, M.G. Velarde, C.J. Radke, in Wetting and Spreading Dynamics (CRC Press, 2007), pp. 1–30. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420016178.ch1
D. Teeters, J.F. Wilson, M.A. Andersen, D.C. Thomas, Journal of Colloid And Interface Science 126(2), 641 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9797(88)90167-1
J.A. Kleingartner, S. Srinivasan, J.M. Mabry, R.E. Cohen, G.H. McKinley, Langmuir 29(44), 13396 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1021/la4022678
F.Y. Lewandowski, D. Dupuis, Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics 52(2), 233 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-0257(94)80053-7
L. Landau, B. Levich, Acta Physicochimica U.R.S.S. 17(1–2), 42 (1942)
W. Brockner, K. Tørklep, H.A. Øye, Berichte der Bunsengesellschaft für physikalische Chemie 83(1), 12 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1002/bbpc.19790830103
R. Fernandez, T. Østvold, Acta Chemica Scandinavica 43, 151 (1989). https://doi.org/10.3891/acta.chem.scand.43-0151
H. Gudbrandsen, A. Solheim, A.M. Martinez, Wetting Measuring Device. Tech. rep., SINTEF, Trondheim, Norway (2014)
Z. Zhao, Z. Wang, B. Gao, Y. Feng, Z. Shi, X. Hu, in Light Metals 2015 (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, USA, 2015), pp. 801–806. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119093435.ch135
J.O. Bockris, A.K.N. Reddy, Modern Electrochemistry: An Introduction to Interdisciplinary Area, Volume 2 (Plenum Press, New York, 1970)
S. Jarek, J. Thonstad, Journal of Applied Electrochemistry 17(6), 1203 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01023604
A. Kisza, J. Thonstad, T. Eidet, Journal of The Electrochemical Society 143(6), 1840 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1836913
W. Gebarowski, C. Sommerseth, A.P. Ratvik, E. Sandnes, L.P. Lossius, H. Linga, A.M. Svensson, in Light Metals 2016 (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, USA, 2016), pp. 883–888. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119274780.ch149
Z.X. Qiu, Q.B. Wei, K.T. You, in 7th International Leichtmetalltagung (Leoben-Wien, 1981), pp. 256–257
I.A. Eidsvaag, The Influence of Polarization on the Wetting of Anodes in the Hall-Héroult Process. Master’s thesis, Norwegian University of Sceince and Technology (2016)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society
About this paper
Cite this paper
Åsheim, H., Eidsvaag, I.A., Solheim, A., Gudbrandsen, H., Haarberg, G.M., Sandnes, E. (2020). The Influence of Polarisation on the Wetting of Graphite in Cryolite-Alumina Melts. In: Tomsett, A. (eds) Light Metals 2020. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36408-3_83
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36408-3_83
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-36407-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-36408-3
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)