Synonyms
Biased reporting; Clinical significance; Misrepresented data; Reporting guidelines; Statistical significance
Definition
Data that are omitted, misreported to intentionally mislead, or misrepresented in any way to support an outcome or a theory are not ethically appropriate. The misrepresentation, either intentional or unintentional, can be achieved by manipulating numbers, figures, graphs, images, or selective reporting of information crucial to a complete understanding of the project. According to the COPE taxonomy (2013), the definition of ethical representation also includes the availability of appropriate consents, approvals, and copyright forms.
What Are the Issues?
Scientific advancement depends upon building evidence, often over multiple small experiments or theory developments. The results of this scholarship are presented in the peer-reviewed, scholarly literature. The report of a study requires several essential elements to qualify as a foundation for further...
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References
American Statistical Society (2016) The ASA’s statement on p-values: context, process, and purpose. The American Statistician 70(2):129–133. https://doi.org/10.1080/00031305.2016.1154108
COPE Case Taxonomy (2013) https://publicationethics.org/cope-case-taxonomy. Accessed 10 Aug 2018
World Medical Association (1964) WMA declaration of Helsinki – ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-ethical-principles-for-medical-research-involving-human-subjects/. Accessed 12 Oct 2018
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Pierson, C.A. (2023). Ethical Representation of Data. In: Poff, D.C., Michalos, A.C. (eds) Encyclopedia of Business and Professional Ethics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22767-8_312
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22767-8_312
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