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Myositis

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Abstract

Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies are a heterogeneous group of chronic autoimmune disorders that mainly affect the proximal muscles. The most common types include dermatomyositis (DM), polymyositis (PM), necrotizing autoimmune myopathy (NAM), and sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM). Patients typically present with progressive, proximal weakness and functional impairment. Extramuscular manifestations may also be present. Laboratory investigations with raised serum creatine kinase (CK) and myositis-specific antibodies (MSA) may help in diagnosis, differentiating the clinical phenotype and confirming the myositis subtype. The major goals of treatment are to eliminate the inflammation, restore muscle performance, reduce mortality, and improve quality of life.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Santa Maria, Lisbon Academic Medical Center, Lisbon, Portugal

    Liliana R. Santos

  2. Centre for Rheumatology, Division of Medicine, University College of London, London, UK

    David Isenberg

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  1. Medical Education Promotion Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan

    Hiroshi Mitoma

  2. Department of Neurology, CHU-Charleroi, Charleroi, Belgium, Department of Neurosciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium

    Mario Manto

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Santos, L.R., Isenberg, D. (2019). Myositis. In: Mitoma, H., Manto, M. (eds) Neuroimmune Diseases. Contemporary Clinical Neuroscience. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19515-1_27

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