Abstract
Nilsen’s chapter explores the ways in which the Walt Disney Animation Studios’ filmmakers created in Zootopia a colorblind narrative that utilizes nonhuman animated characters to promote the neoliberal myth of meritocracy. While the film has been explicitly marketed and roundly praised for its celebration of tolerance and its anti-bias messaging, Nilsen argues that the filmmakers anthropomorphized their animal characters to create a colorblind utopia where prey and predator live in harmony, while employing dehumanization to resurrect the racist stereotype of the violent, savage (super)predator. Nilsen argues that Zootopia illustrates the ways in which colorblind beliefs help justify the maintenance of systemic racism in our criminal justice system.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
Works Cited
13th. Directed by Ava DuVernay. Kandoo Films, 2016.
Balko, Radley. “Jeff Sessions, the Doughy Bigot.” The Washington Post, November 12, 2018. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/opinions/wp/2018/11/12/jeff-sessions-the-doughty-bigot/?utm_term=.a1c2f9750b29.
Chan, Melissa. “Minnesota Governor Doesn’t Think Philando Castile Would Have Been Killed If He Were White.” Time, July 7, 2016. http://time.com/4397248/minnesota-gov-mark-dayton-philando-castile-shooting/.
Costello, Kimberly, and Gordon Hodson. “Explaining Dehumanization among Children: The Interspecies Model of Prejudice.” British Journal of Social Psychology 53 (2014): 175–197.
Cremen, Alanea. “A Little Girl’s Adorable Resume to Join Police ‘I Like to Catch All the Robbers.’” WCNC.com, July 27, 2018. https://www.wcnc.com/article/news/a-little-girls-adorable-resume-to-join-police-i-like-to-catch-all-of-the-robbers/275-578065663.
Crewe, David. “Animal Harm: Discrimination and Difference in Zootopia.” Screen Education 84 (2017): 26–35.
Curry, Tommy J. The Man-Not: Race, Class, Genre, and the Dilemmas of Black Manhood. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2017.
Daston, Lorraine, and Gregg Mitman. “Introduction: The How and Why of Thinking with Animals.” In Thinking with Animals: New Perspectives on Anthropomorphism, edited by Lorraine Daston and Gregg Mitman. New York: Columbia University Press, 2006.
Dhont, Kristof, and Gordon Hodson. “Why Do Right-Wing Adherents Engage in More Animal Exploitation and Meat Consumption?” Personality and Individual Difference 64 (2014): 12–17.
Dilulio Jr., John. “The Coming of the Super—Predators.” The Weekly Standard, November 27, 1995. https://www.weeklystandard.com/john-j-dilulio-jr/the-coming-of-the-super-predators.
Eagan, Daniel. “Critter Capers: Noted Animators Byron Howard and Rich Moore Team Up for Disney’s Zootopia About a City ‘Peopled’ with Animals.” Film Journal International, February 24, 2016. http://www.filmjournal.com/features/disney-zootopia-rich-moore-byron-howard-interview.
Epley, Nicholas. Mindwise: How We Understand What Others Think, Believe, Feel, and Want. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2014.
Epley, Nicholas, Adam Waytz, and John T. Cacioppo. “On Seeing Human: A Three-Factor Theory of Anthropomorphism.” Psychological Review 114 (2007): 864–886.
Fiske, S.T., A.J.C. Cuddy, P. Click, and J. Xu. “A Model of (Often Mixed) Stereotype Content: Competence and Warmth Respectively Follow From Perceived Status and Competition.” Journal of Personality & Social Psychology 82 (2002): 878–902.
Geerdts, Megan S. “(Un) Real Animals: Anthropomorphism and Early Learning about Animals.” Child Development Perspectives 10, no. 1 (2016): 10–14.
Glover, Maury. “St. Paul Police Screen ‘Zootopia’ as Part of Anti-bias Training.” Fox 9 St. Paul, June 8, 2017. http://www.fox9.com/news/st-paul-police-screen-zootopia-as-part-of-anti-bias-training.
Gould, Stephen Jay. “A Biological Homage to Mickey Mouse.” In The Panda’s Thumb: More Reflections in Natural History. Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin Books, 1980.
Haney Lopez, Ian. Dog Whistle Politics. How Coded Racial Appeals Have Reinvented Racism and Wrecked the Middle Class. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014.
Haney Lopez, Ian. “Is the ‘Post’ in Post-Racial the ‘Blind’ in Colorblind?” Cardozo Law Review 32, no. 3 (2011): 807–1009.
Jacobo, Julia, and Francis, Enjoli. “Cops May Have Thought Philando Castile Was a Robbery Suspect, Noting ‘Wide-Set Nose,’ Dispatch Audio Indicates.” ABC News, July 11, 2016. https://abcnews.go.com/US/cops-thought-philando-castile-robbery-suspect-dispatch-audio/story?id=40439957.
Jules, Jessica. The Art of Zootopia. San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 2016.
Lasseter, John. “Preface.” In The Art of Zootopia, edited by Jessica Jules. San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 2016.
Lehman, Christopher P. The Colored Cartoon: Black Presentation in American Animated Short Films, 1907–1954. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2009.
Leon, Melissa. “Zootopia: Disney’s Antidote to Donald Trump’s Racial Animus.” Daily Beast, March 6, 2016. https://www.thedailybeast.com/zootopia-disneys-antidote-to-donald-trumps-racial-animus.
Mannix, Andy. “Police Audio: Officer Stopped Philando Castile on Robbery Suspicion: Police Recording Doesn’t Cover Shooting Itself.” Star Tribune, July 12, 2016.
Moriearty, Perry L., and William Carson. “Cognitive Warfare and Young Black Males in America.” The Journal of Gender, Race, and Justice 15 (2012): 281–313.
Rhodan, Maya. “President Obama on Sterling and Castile Shootings: ‘We Are Better Than This.’” Time, July 7, 2016. http://time.com/4397611/president-obama-sterling-castile-shootings-we-are-better-than-this/.
Scott, Eugene. “Liberals Were Concerned About Jeff Sessions’s Impact on Civil Rights: He Lived Up to Their Fears.” The Washington Post, November 20, 2018. https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2018/11/10/liberals-were-concerned-about-jeff-sessionss-impact-civil-rights-he-lived-up-their-fears/?utm_term=.b2e9869a17fb.
Sevillano, Veronica, and Susan T. Fiske. “Animals as Social Objects: Groups, Stereotypes, and Intergroup Threats.” European Psychologist 21, no. 3 (2016): 206–217.
Sherman, Gary D., and Jonathan Haidt. “Cuteness and Disgust: The Humanizing and Dehumanizing Effects of Emotion.” Emotion Review 3, no. 3 (2011): 245–251.
Siegel, Tatiana. “‘Zootopia’ Star Ginnifer Goodwin Says Movie’s Relevance to the Current Election ‘Scares Me.’” Hollywood Reporter, March 3, 2016. https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/zootopia-star-ginnifer-goodwin-says-875263.
Truitt, Brian. “There’s a Lot of Human Nature in the World of Zootopia.” USA Today, March 4, 2016.
Thai, Xuan, and Ted Barrett. “Biden’s Description of Obama Draws Scrutiny.” CNN.com, February 9, 2007. http://www.cnn.com/2007/POLITICS/01/31/biden.obama/.
Wagner, Maggie. “Inside the Animation of Disney’s Zootopia.” CU Independent, March 9, 2016. https://cuindependent.com/2016/03/09/inside-the-animation-of-disneys-zootopia/.
Williams, Joseph. “Segregations’s Legacy.” US News, April 20, 2018. https://www.usnews.com/news/the-report/articles/2018-04-20/us-is-still-segregated-even-after-fair-housing-act.
Wolf, Christopher, and William J. Ripple. “Rewilding the World’s Large Carnivores.” Royal Society Open Science 5 (2018). http://rsos.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/5/3/172235.article-info.
Zielinski, Sarah. “Modern Humans Have Become Superpredators” Smithsonian.org, August 20, 2015. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/modern-humans-have-become-superpredators-180956348/.
Zootopia. Directed by Bryon Howard, Rich Moore, and Jared Bush. Walt Disney Feature Animation, 2016.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Nilsen, S. (2019). Living in Zootopia: Tracking the Neoliberal Subject in a Colorblind World. In: Turner, S., Nilsen, S. (eds) The Myth of Colorblindness. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17447-7_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17447-7_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-17446-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-17447-7
eBook Packages: Literature, Cultural and Media StudiesLiterature, Cultural and Media Studies (R0)