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Valeriana jatamansi Jones. (Valerianaceae)

(Syn.: V. wallichii DC.)

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Handbook of 200 Medicinal Plants

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Abstract

It is a knotty and fragrant root of an herb found in temperate Himalayas. In Ayurveda, it is described as sweet, emollient, pungent, hot and light, and a remedy for suppression of urine (oliguria), poisons, and for nervous conditions, such as anxiety, overexcitement, epilepsy, fainting-fits and headaches. It is also beneficial for menstrual cramps, and lowers BP and relieves palpitation. Muslim physicians described the rhizomes as resolvent, deobstruent, anesthetic, nerve stimulant, diuretic, emetic, emmenagogue and to increase libido, and especially use it for cold brain and nervous afflictions, such as stroke, paralysis, amnesia, and for inflammation of liver and pancreas, arthritis, gout, and sciatica pain. Two flavonoids, 6-methylapigenin, and 2S(-)-hesperidin with sedative and sleep-enhancing activity were isolated from rhizomes. It is also rich in catechin, hydroxylbenzoic acid and caffeic acid. Jatamanvaltrates, iridolactones, a lignan, valepotriates, and nardostachin were isolated from the whole plant. Aqueous rhizome extract markedly attenuated I/R-induced cerebral injury in mice, restricting the infarct size, decrease in short-term memory, and motor incoordination. Methanol and aqueous extracts also produced antidepressant-like effects, which were not dependent on their terpenoid contents. In a randomized, parallel study, valerian powder for a month significantly improved onset and duration of sleep in Indian patients with primary insomnia. Valerian plant extract, twice daily after meal to thirty-three Indian patients significantly attenuated stress and anxiety, improved depression and enhanced willingness to adjust, without altering memory, concentration or attention of the subjects.

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  1. Stockton, CA, USA

    Shahid Akbar

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Akbar, S. (2020). Valeriana jatamansi Jones. (Valerianaceae). In: Handbook of 200 Medicinal Plants. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16807-0_191

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