Abstract
This chapter first presents the concepts of poor, rich, and equivalent siphons and the related invariant-control theory. It then discusses elementary and dependent siphons in a Petri net, which play a key role in the development of structurally simple liveness-enforcing (Petri net) supervisors. Dependent siphons are further divided into strongly and weakly dependent ones. Next, a more general result on the control of a siphon is given. Later, it is shown that the controllability of a dependent siphon can be ensured by supervising its elementary siphons via properly setting their control depth variables. For well-initially-marked Petri nets that cover most of the manufacturing-oriented Petri net models in the literature, it is shown that strongly and weakly dependent siphons have identical controllability conditions. Finally, an elementary siphon identification algorithm for a deadlock control purpose is presented.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Abdallah, I.B., ElMaraghy, H.A. (1998) Deadlock prevention and avoidance in FMS: A Petri net based approach. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, vol.14, no.10, pp.704–715.
Banaszak, Z., Krogh, B.H. (1990) Deadlock avoidance in êxible manufacturing systems with concurrently competing process ôws. IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation, vol.6, no.6, pp.724–734.
Barkaoui, K., Pradat-Peyre, J.F. (1996) On liveness and controlled siphons in Petri nets. In Proc. 17th Int. Conf. on Applications and Theory of Petri Nets Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol.1091, pp.57–72.
Barkaoui, K., Chaoui, A., Zouari, B. (1997) Supervisory control of discrete event systems based on structure theory of Petri nets. In Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, pp.3750–3755.
Chao, D.Y. (2006) Computation of elementary siphons for deadlock control. The Computer Journal, vol.49, no.4, pp.470–479.
Chao, D.Y. (2007) Max -controlled siphons for liveness of S3PGR2. IET Control Theory and Applications, vol.1, no.4, pp.933–936.
Chao, D.Y. (2007) A graphic-algebraic computation of elementary siphons of BS3PR. Journal of Information Science and Engineering, vol.23 no.6, pp.1817–1831.
Chao, D.Y. (2007) Incremental approach to computation of elementary siphons for arbitrary S3PR. IET Control Theory and Applications, vol.2, no.2, pp.168–179.
Chu, F., Xie, X.L. (1997) Deadlock analysis of Petri nets using siphons and mathematical programming. IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation, vol.13, no.6, pp.793–804.
Esparza, J., Silva, M. (1990) Circuits, handles, bridges, and nets. In Advances in Petri Nets 1990, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol.483, G. Rozenberg (Ed.), pp.210–242.
Ezpeleta, J, Colom, J.M., Martinez, J. (1995) A Petri net based deadlock prevention policy for êxible manufacturing systems. IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation, vol.11, no.2, pp.173–184.
Ezpeleta, J., GarcÃa-Vallés, F., Colom, J.M. (1998) A class of well structured Petri nets for êxible manufacturing systems. In Proc. 19th Int. Conf. on Applications and Theory of Petri Nets, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol.1420, J. Desel and M. Silva (Eds.), pp.64–83.
Ezpeleta, J., Tricas, F., GarcÃa-Vallés, F., Colom, J.M. (2002) A banker’s solution for deadlock avoidance in FMS with êxible routing and multiresource states. IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automaton, vol.18. no.4, pp.621–625.
Huang, Y.S., Jeng, M.D., Xie, X.L., Chung, S.L. (2001) A deadlock prevention policy for êxible manufacturing systems using siphons. In Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotics and Automation, pp.541–546.
Iordache, M.V., Moody, J.O., Antsaklis, P.J. (2002) Synthesis of deadlock prevention supervisors using Petri nets. IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation, vol.18, no.1, pp.59–68.
Jeng, M.D., Xie, X.L. (1999) Analysis of modularly composed nets by siphons. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A, vol.29, no.4, pp.399–406.
Jeng, M.D., Xie, X.L., Peng, M.Y. (2002) Process nets with resources for manufacturing modeling and their analysis. IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation, vol.18, no.6, pp.875–889.
Jeng, M.D., Xie, X.L., Chung, S.L. (2004) ERCN* merged nets for modeling degraded behavior and parallel processes in semiconductor manufacturing systems. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A, vol.34, no.1, pp.102–112.
Lautenbach, K., Ridder, H. (1996) The linear algebra of deadlock avoidance–a Petri net approach. No.25-1996, Technical Report, Institute of Software Technology, University of Koblenz-Landau, Koblenz, Germany.
Li, Z.W., Zhou, M.C. (2004) Elementary siphons of Petri nets and their application to deadlock prevention in êxible manufacturing systems. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A, vol.34, no.1, pp.38–51.
Li, Z.W., Zhou, M.C. (2006) Clariffications on the deñitions of elementary siphons of Petri nets. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A, vol.36, no.6, pp.1227– 1229.
Li, Z.W., Zhao, M. (2008) On controllability of dependent siphons for deadlock prevention in generalized Petri nets. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A, vol.38, no.2, pp.369–384.
Li, Z.W., Zhou, M.C. (2008) Control of elementary and dependent siphons of Petri nets and their application. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A, vol.38, no.1, pp.133–148.
Park, J., Reveliotis, S.A. (2000) Algebraic synthesis of effficient deadlock avoidance policies for sequential resource allocation systems. IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation, vol.16, no.2, pp.190–195.
Park, J., Reveliotis, S.A. (2001) Deadlock avoidance in sequential resource allocation systems with multiple resource acquisitions and êxible routings. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, vol.46, no.10, pp.1572–1583.
Schrijver, A. (1998) Theory of Linear and Integer Programming. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Tricas, F., Martinez, J. (1995) An extension of the liveness theory for concurrent sequential processes competing for shared resources. In Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, pp.3035–3040.
Tricas, F., GarcÃa-Vallès, F., Colom, J.M., Ezpeleta, J. (2000) An iterative method for deadlock prevention in FMSs. In Proc. 5th Workshop on Discrete Event Systems, R. Boel and G. Stremersch (Eds.), pp.139–148.
Wang, A.R., Li, Z.W., Jia, J.Y., Zhou, M.C. (2009) An effective algorithm to ñd elementary siphons in a class of Petri nets. To appear in IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A.
Winston, W.L., Venkataramanan, M. (2002) Introduction to Mathematical Programming. Belmont CA: Duxbury Resource Center.
Xie, X.L., Jeng, M.D. (1999) ERCN-merged nets and their analysis using siphons. IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation, vol.15, no.4, pp.692–703.
Yamalidou, E., Moody, J.O., Antsaklis, P.J. (1996) Feedback control of Petri nets based on place invariants. Automatica, vol.32, no.1, pp.15–28.
Zouari, B., Barkaoui, K. (2003) Parameterized supervisor synthesis for a modular class of discrete event systems. In Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, pp.1874– 1879.
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2009 Springer London
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
(2009). Elementary Siphons of Petri Nets. In: Deadlock Resolution in Automated Manufacturing Systems. Advances in Industrial Control. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-244-3_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-244-3_3
Publisher Name: Springer, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-84882-243-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-84882-244-3
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)