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Arsenic-Induced Oxidative Stress: Evidence on In Vitro Models of Cardiovascular, Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 and Neurodegenerative Disorders

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Abstract

This chapter provides an overview of the evidence of oxidative stress and compensatory responses in response to arsenic exposure in diverse in vitro models of cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus and neurodegenerative disorders. The studies described here are recent approaches related to (1) the presence of oxidative and nitrosative damage; (2) the activation of novel and sensitive oxidative stress targets providing an environment conducive to the onset and progression of these diseases. We emphasize the need for further studies exploring the usefulness of the novel oxidative and nitrosative stress targets as biological markers of As toxicity.

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Abbreviations

AD:

Alzheimer’s disease

AMPK:

AMP-activated kinase

AP-1:

Activator protein-1

aP2:

Adipocyte-selective fatty acid-binding protein

As:

Arsenic

C/EBPα:

CCAAT-enhancer binding protein α

COX-2:

Cyclooxygenase-2

CVDs:

Cardiovascular diseases

DMAIII:

Dimethylarsinous acid

DMAsIIIO:

Iododimethylarsine

DMAV:

Dimethylarsinic acid

ERK:

Extracellular signal regulated kinase

GLUT-4:

Glucose transporter 4

GSH:

Glutathione

HUVEC:

Human umbilical vein endothelial cells

IL-6:

Interleukin-6

JNK:

c-Jun N-terminal kinase

MAPK:

Mitogen-activated protein kinases

MAPT:

Microtubule-associated protein-tau

MAsIIIO:

Methylarsine oxide

MCP-1:

Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1

MMAIII:

Monomethylarsonous acid

MMAV:

Monomethylarsonic acid

NEF3:

Neurofilament-medium

NEFH:

Neurofilament-heavy

NEFL:

Neurofilament-light

NFH:

Neurofilament high molecular weight subunit

NFTs:

Neurofibrillary tangles

NF-κB:

Nuclear factor-κB

NO:

Nitric oxide

NOS:

Nitric oxide synthases

Nrf2:

NF-E2-related factor 2

PDK-1:

3-Phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1

PG:

Proteoglycans

PI-3K:

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase

PIP3:

Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate

PKB/Akt:

Protein kinase B

PPARγ:

Peroxisome proliferative-activated receptor γ

PTEN:

Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten

RNS:

Reactive nitrogen species

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

S1P1 :

Type 1 sphingosine-1-phosphate

SAPKs:

Stress-activated protein kinases

T2DM:

Diabetes mellitus type 2

TAT:

Tyrosine aminotransferase

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor-α

VE-cadherin:

Vascular endothelial cadherin

VSMCs:

Vascular smooth muscle cells

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  1. Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ave. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 2508, México, DF, Mexico

    Mariano E. Cebrián

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  1. Rubén Ruíz-Ramos
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  2. Patricia Ostrosky-Wegman
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  3. Mariano E. Cebrián
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Correspondence to Mariano E. Cebrián .

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  1. Dept. Health & Caring Sciences, University Uppsala, Döbelnsgatan 2, Uppsala, 752 37, Sweden

    Samar Basu

  2. Dept. Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology, & Intensive Care, Uppsala University Hospital, Akademiska Sjukhuset, Uppsala, 751 85, Sweden

    Lars Wiklund

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Ruíz-Ramos, R., Ostrosky-Wegman, P., Cebrián, M.E. (2011). Arsenic-Induced Oxidative Stress: Evidence on In Vitro Models of Cardiovascular, Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 and Neurodegenerative Disorders. In: Basu, S., Wiklund, L. (eds) Studies on Experimental Models. Oxidative Stress in Applied Basic Research and Clinical Practice. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-956-7_33

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