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Diagnosis and Treatment of Metabolic Alkalosis

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Fluid and Electrolytes in Pediatrics

Part of the book series: Nutrition and Health ((NH))

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Key Points

1. Primary metabolic alkalosis should be distinguished from metabolic compensation to respiratory acidosis.

2. Measurement of urine chloride concentration is essential for diagnosis and treatment.

3. Metabolic alkalosis with low urine chloride (chloride responsive) represents an appropriate renal response to H+ and Cl– losses from non-renal sites (GI, skin).

4. Metabolic alkalosis with high urine chloride (chloride unresponsive) should prompt an evaluation for renal and endocrine disorders and can be further evaluated by the presence or absence of hypertension, renal and adrenal imaging, and the relative concentrations of plasma renin activity and serum aldosterone.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pediatric Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA

    Wayne R. Waz MD (Chief)

Authors
  1. Wayne R. Waz MD
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Levine Children's Hospital, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA

    Leonard G. Feld

  2. Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Dept. Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Brainbridge Ave. 3415, Bronx, 10467, New York, USA

    Frederick J. Kaskel

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© 2010 Humana Press, a part of Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

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Waz, W.R. (2010). Diagnosis and Treatment of Metabolic Alkalosis. In: Feld, L., Kaskel, F. (eds) Fluid and Electrolytes in Pediatrics. Nutrition and Health. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-225-4_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-225-4_9

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  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-60327-224-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-60327-225-4

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