Skip to main content

High-Throughput Extraction and Detection of Drugs in Urine: Parallel Sampling with Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME) Fibers Coupled with Direct Analysis in Real Time-Mass Spectrometry (DART-MS) Detection

  • Protocol
  • First Online:
Analysis of Drugs of Abuse

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1810))

Abstract

Determination of drugs of abuse in urine is routinely accomplished by utilizing solid-phase extraction to isolate the drugs and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for their detection. Although robotic systems are employed, throughput is limited by the extraction process and GC chromatographic separation.

A method that utilizes an array of 12 solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fibers for simultaneous isolation of drugs of abuse from urine is provided as a means to increase productivity. A SPME probe holder that permits movement of up to 12 fibers through the various steps of the extraction process in parallel is utilized. Use of an automated stage for fiber presentation into the ionization region of a Direct Analysis in Real Time equipped LC/MS facilitates rapid interrogation of each SPME.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 99.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Pawliszyn J (1997) Solid phase microextraction: theory and practice. Wiley–VCH, New York

    Google Scholar 

  2. Stenerson KK, Young T, Shirey R et al (2016) Application of SPME using an overcoated PDMS-DVB fiber to the extraction of pesticides from spaghetti sauce: method evaluation and comparison to QuEChERS. LCGC N Am 34(7):500–509

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Souza-Silva EA, Pawliszyn J (2012) Optimization of fiber coating structure enables direct immersion solid phase microextraction and high-throughput determination of complex samples. Anal Chem 84(16):6933–6938

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Souza-Silva EA, Pawliszyn J (2015) Direct immersion solid-phase microextraction with matrix-compatible fiber coating for multiresidue pesticide analysis of grapes by gas chromatography–time-of-flight mass spectrometry (DI-SPME-GC-ToFMS). J Agric Food Chem 63(18):4464–4477

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Cody RB, Laramee JA, Durst HD (2005) Versatile new ion source for the analysis of materials in open air under ambient conditions. Anal Chem 77(8):2297–2302

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Jagerdeo E, Abdel-Rehim M (2009) Screening of cocaine and its metabolites in human urine samples by direct analysis in real-time source coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry after online preconcentration utilizing microextraction by packed sorbent. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 20:891–899

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. LaPointe J, Musselman B, O’Neill T, Shepard J (2015) Detection of “bath salt” synthetic cathinones and metabolites in urine via DART-MS and solid phase microextraction. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 26:159–165

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Steiner RR, Larson RL (2009) Validation of the direct analysis in real time source for use in forensic drug screening. J Forensic Sci 54(3):617–622

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Brian Musselman .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature

About this protocol

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this protocol

Li, F., Musselman, B. (2018). High-Throughput Extraction and Detection of Drugs in Urine: Parallel Sampling with Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME) Fibers Coupled with Direct Analysis in Real Time-Mass Spectrometry (DART-MS) Detection. In: Musah, R. (eds) Analysis of Drugs of Abuse. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1810. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8579-1_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8579-1_9

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-8578-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-8579-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics