Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

HIV Prevention in Persons 50 and Older

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of AIDS

Definition

Primary and secondary HIV prevention efforts targeted to HIV-positive and HIV-negative persons 50 years and older.

The CDC estimates that in the United States, 50% of all people living with HIV (PLWH) will be 50 years and older by 2015 (CDC 2008). Part of this phenomenon, often called the “graying of the epidemic” is primarily driven by the effectiveness of HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART), as well as new HIV infections among older adults (defined as persons 50 and older) (see Fig. 1). For 2010, the CDC reports that 17% of all new HIV diagnoses occurred in people aged 50 and older and 24% of all AIDS diagnoses occurred in this older adult population (CDC 2013; see Fig. 2).

HIV Prevention in Persons 50 and Older, Fig. 1
figure 810 figure 810

% of total US new HIV infections for adults aged 50 and older (CDC Surveillance Report 2013)

Full size image

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 1,099.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 1,599.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Abrass CK, Appelbaum JS, Boyd CM, Braithwaite R, Broudy VC, Covinsky K, Crothers KA, Harrington R, Drootin M, Gebo K, Goodkin K, Havlik RJ, Hazzard W, High K, Hsue P, John MD, Justice A, Karpiak S, McCormick WC, McNicholl IR, Newman A, Simone-Skidmore MJ, South K, Spach D, Valcour V. Summary report from the Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Aging Consensus Project: treatment strategies for clinicians managing older individuals with the human immunodeficiency virus. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2012;60(5):974–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Age is not a Condom (nd) Retrieved 24 May 2013 from http://www.ageisnotacondom.org

  • Aidala A, Lee G, Garbers S, Chiasson MA. Sexual behaviors and sexual risk in a prospective cohort of HIV-positive men and women in New York City, 1994–2002: implications for prevention. AIDS Educ Prev. 2006;18(1):12–32.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Asch SM, Kilbourne AM, Gifford AL, Burnam MA, Turner B, Shapiro MF, Bozzette SA. Underdiagnosis of depression in HIV. J Gen Intern Med. 2003;18(6):450–60.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Berger-Greenstein JA, Cuevas CA, Brady SM, Trezza G, Richardson MA, Keane TM. Major depression in patients with HIV/AIDS and substance abuse. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2007;21(12):942–55.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bhat AG, Babu R, Abhishekh HA. Prevalence of depression among HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy: a study from India. Asian J Psychiatr. 2013;6(3):249–50.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Branson BM, Handsfield HH, Lampe MA, Janssen RS, Taylor AW, Lyss SB, Clark JE. Revised recommendations for HIV testing of adults, adolescents, and pregnant women in health-care settings. MMWR Recomm Rep Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Recomm Rep Cent Dis Control. 2006;55(RR-14):1–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brennan M, Karpiak SE, Shippy RA, Cantor MH, editors. Older adults with HIV: an in-depth examination of an emerging population. New York: Nova Science; 2009.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brennan DJ, Emlet CA, Eady A. HIV, sexual health, and psychosocial issues among older adults living with HIV in North America. Ageing Int. 2011;36(3):313–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • CDC. Sexually transmitted disease surveillance report. Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2004. http://www.cdc.gov/std/stats04/default.htm. Accessed 1 Oct 2012.

  • CDC. HIV/AIDS among persons aged 50 and older. CDC fact sheet. Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2008. http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/topics/over50/resources/factsheets/over50.htm. Accessed 1 Oct 2012.

  • CDC. Sexually transmitted disease surveillance report. Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2010. http://www.cdc.gov/std/stats10/default.htm. Accessed 1 Oct 2012.

  • CDC. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged 50 years and older in the United States and dependent areas, 2007–2010. HIV surveillance report. Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2013;18(2). http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/surveillance/resources/reports/2010supp_vol18no3/index.htm. Accessed 20 Mar 2013.

  • CDC. Health aging. Atlanta: Division of Population Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion; 2014. http://www.cdc.gov/aging/. Accessed 14 July 2014.

  • Collier AK. All but forgotten: middle-aged, older black women at risk for HIV. TheBody.com. 2012. http://www.thebody.com/content/68585/all-but-forgotten-middle-aged-older-black-women-at.html. Accessed 29 Aug 2012.

  • Cooperman N, Arnsten J, Klein R. Current sexual activity and risky sexual behavior in older men with or at risk for HIV infection. AIDS Educ Prev. 2007;19:321–33.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Emlet CA. A comparison of HIV stigma and disclosure patterns between older and younger adults living with HIV/AIDS. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2006;20(5):350–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Golub SA, Tomassilli JC, Pantalone DW, Brennan M, Karpiak SE, Parsons JT. Prevalence and correlates of sexual behavior and risk management among HIV-positive adults over 50. Sex Transm Dis. 2010;37(10):615–20.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gonzalez J, Psaros S, Batchelder C, Applebaum A, Newville H, Safren S. Clinician-assessed depression and HAART adherence in HIV-infected individuals in methadone maintenance treatment. Ann Behav Med. 2011;42(1):120–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Goodkin K, Vrancken MA, Feaster D. On the putative efficacy of the antidepressants in chronic, benign pain syndromes: an update. Pain Forum. 1996;4(4):237–47. Churchill Livingstone.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goodkin K, Heckman T, Siegel K, Linsk N, Khamis I, Lee D, et al. “Putting a face” on HIV infection/AIDS in older adults: a psychosocial context. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2003;1999(33):S171–84.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grov C, Golub SA, Parsons JT, Brennan M, Karpiak SE. Loneliness and HIV-related stigma explain depression among older HIV-positive adults. AIDS Care. 2010;22(5):630–9.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Halkitis PN, Kupprat SA, Hampton MB, Perez-Figueroa R, Kingdon M, Eddy JA, Ompad DC. Evidence for a syndemic in aging HIV-positive gay, bisexual and other MSM: implications for a holistic approach to prevention and health care. Ann Anthropol Pract. 2012;36(2):365–86.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hansen-Kyle L. A concept analysis of healthy aging. Nurs Forum. 2005;40(2):45–57.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Havlik RJ, Brennan M, Karpiak SE. Comorbidities and depression in older adults with HIV. Sex Health. 2011;8(4):551–61.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heckman TG, Kochman A, Sikkema KJ, Kalichman SC, Masten J, Goodkin K. Late middle-aged and older men living with HIV/AIDS: race differences in coping, social support, and psychological distress. J Natl Med Assoc. 2000;92(9):436.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Heckman TG, Sikkema KJ, Hansen N, Kochman A, Heh V, Neufeld S. A randomized clinical trial of a coping improvement group intervention for HIV-infected older adults. J Behav Med. 2011;34(2):102–11.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hoerger M, Quirk SW, Chapman BP, Duberstein PR. Affective forecasting and self-rated symptoms of depression, anxiety, and hypomania: evidence for a dysphoric forecasting bias. Cogn Emot. 2012;26(6):1098–106.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Hughes AK. HIV knowledge and attitudes among providers in aging: results from a national survey. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2011;25(9):539–45.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hult JR, Wrubel J, Bränström R, Acree M, Moskowitz JT. Disclosure and nondisclosure among people newly diagnosed with HIV: an analysis from a stress and coping perspective. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2012;26(3):181–90.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Illa L, Brickman A, Saint-Jean G, Echenique M, Metet AL, Illa L, Brickman A, Saint-Jean G, Echenique M, Metsch L, Eisdorfer C, Bustamante-Avellaneda V, Sanchez-Martinez M. Sexual risk behaviors in late middle age and older HIV seropositive adults. AIDS Behav. 2008;12(6):935–42.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jean AB, Goldman DP, Kamdar A, Lakdawalla DN, Lu Y. Sexually transmitted diseases among users of erectile dysfunction drugs: analysis of claims data. Ann Intern Med. 2010;153:1–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Junqueira P, Bellucci S, Rossini S, Reimão R. Women living with HIV/AIDS: sleep impairment, anxiety and depression symptoms. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2008;66(4):817–20.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kalichman SC, Rompa D, Cage M. Distinguishing between overlapping somatic symptoms of depression and HIV disease in people living with HIV-AIDS. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2000a;188(10):662–70.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kalichman SC, Heckman T, Kochman A, Sikkema K, Bergholte J. Depression and thoughts of suicide among middle-aged and older persons living with HIV-AIDS. Psychiatr Serv. 2000b;51(7):903–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Karpiak SE, Shippy RA, Cantor M. Research on older adults with HIV. New York: AIDS Community Research Initiative of America; 2006. http://www.acria.org/files/ROAH%20Final.pdf. Accessed 1 Oct 2012.

  • Leigh BC, Temple MT, Trocki KF. The sexual behavior of US adults: results from a national survey. Am J Public Health. 1993;83(10):1400–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Lindau ST, Schumm LP, Laumann EO, Levinson W, O’Muircheartaigh CA, Waite LJ. A study of sexuality and health among older adults in the United States. N Engl J Med. 2007;357:762–74.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Linley L, Prejean J, An Q, Chen M, Hall HI. Racial/ethnic disparities in HIV diagnoses among persons aged 50 years and older in 37 US states, 2005–2008. Am J Public Health. 2012;102(8):1527–34.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Lovejoy TI, Heckman TG, Sikkema KJ, Hansen NB, Kochman A, Suhr JA, Garske JP, Johnson CJ. Patterns and correlates of sexual activity and condom use behavior in persons 50-plus years of age living with HIV/AIDS. AIDS Behav. 2008;12:943–56.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Negin J, Rozea A, Martiniuk A. HIV behavioural interventions targeted towards older adults: a systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2014;14:507. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-507.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Relf MV, Eisbach S, Okine KN, Ward T. Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for managing depression in persons living with HIV. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2013;24(1):S15–28.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rich E. Negotiation of HIV prevention behaviors in divorced and separated women reentering the sexual arena. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2001;12(4):25–35.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Saito T, Kai I, Takizawa A. Effects of a program to prevent social isolation on loneliness, depression, and subjective well-being of older adults: a randomized trial among older migrants in Japan. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2012;55(3):539–47.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schick V, Herbenick D, Reece M, et al. Sexual behaviors, condom use, and sexual health of Americans over 50: implications for sexual health promotion for older adults. J Sex Med. 2010;7(s5):315–29.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Spire B, de Zoysa I, Himmich H. HIV prevention: what have we learned from community experiences in concentrated epidemics? J Int AIDS Soc. 2008;11:5.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Sullivan PS, Drake AJ, Sanchez TH. Prevalence of treatment optimism-related risk behavior and associated factors among men who have sex with men in 11 states, 2000–2001. AIDS Behav. 2007;11(1):123–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Traeger L, Cannon S, Pirl WF, Park ER. Depression and undertreatment of depression: potential risks and outcomes in black patients with lung cancer. J Psychosoc Oncol. 2013;31(2):123–35.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Valdiserri RO. Mapping the roots of HIV/AIDS complacency: implications for program and policy development. AIDS Educ Prev. 2004;16:426–39.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vance DE. The cognitive consequences of stigma, social withdrawal, and depression in adults aging with HIV. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv. 2013;51(5):18–20.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vance DE, Robinson FP. Reconciling successful aging with HIV: a biopsychosocial overview. J HIV/AIDS Soc Serv. 2004;3(1):59–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Working Group for HIV and Aging Consensus Project. Summary report from the Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Aging Consensus Project: treatment strategies for clinicians managing older individuals with the human immunodeficiency virus. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2012;60(5):974–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Medicine/Special Treatment and Research (STAR) Program, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA

    Tonya N. Taylor

  2. ACRIA Center on HIV and Aging, AIDS Community Research Initiative of America (ACRIA) and New York University College of Nursing, New York, NY, USA

    Stephen Karpiak

Authors
  1. Tonya N. Taylor
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Stephen Karpiak
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tonya N. Taylor .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Northwestern University, Robert H. Lurie Medical Research Center, Chicago, IL, USA

    Thomas J. Hope

  2. VA San Diego Healthcare System and University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

    Douglas D. Richman

  3. Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA

    Mario Stevenson

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer Science+Business Media LLC

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Taylor, T.N., Karpiak, S. (2018). HIV Prevention in Persons 50 and Older. In: Hope, T.J., Richman, D.D., Stevenson, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of AIDS. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7101-5_89

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7101-5_89

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-7100-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-7101-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineReference Module Medicine

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation